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spaghetti [spaghetti 词源字典]: spaghetti: [19] Spaghetti comes from the plural of Italian spaghetto, a diminutive form of spago ‘string’ (a word of uncertain origin). The earliest record of its use in English is by Eliza Acton in her Modern Cookery 1849, but it was still sufficiently unfamiliar then for her to mis-spell it sparghetti.
[spaghetti etymology, spaghetti origin, 英语词源]
recreant (adj.): c. 1300, "confessing oneself to be overcome or vanquished," from Old French recreant "defeated, vanquished, yielding, giving; weak, exhausted; cowardly," present participle adjective from recroire "to yield in a trial by combat, surrender allegiance," literally "believe again;" perhaps on notion of "take back one's pledge, yield one's cause," from re- "again, back" (see re-) + croire "entrust, believe," from Latin credere (see credo).
Non sufficit ... nisi dicat illud verbum odiosum, quod recreantus sit. [Bracton, c. 1260]
Meaning "cowardly" in English is from late 14c. Meaning "unfaithful to duty" is from 1640s.
spaghetti (n.): 1849 (as sparghetti, in Eliza Acton's "Modern Cookery"), from Italian spaghetti, plural of spaghetto "string, twine," diminutive of spago "cord," of uncertain origin. Spaghetti Western (one filmed in Italy) first attested 1969. Spaghetti strap is from 1972.
picrotoxinin: "A bitter, crystalline, sesquiterpene lactone, C15H16O6, that is the toxic component of picrotoxin", Late 19th cent.; earliest use found in John S. Billings (1838–1913). From picrotoxin + -in.