wassail: [13] Wassail was borrowed from Old Norse ves heill, literally ‘be healthy’. This was a toast or salutation given when about to drink (much like English good health!). Ves was the imperative singular of vesa or vera ‘be’ (a relative of English was and were) and heill is essentially the same word as English hale and whole, and related to healthy. => hale, healthy, whole[wassail etymology, wassail origin, 英语词源]