英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

actuary (n.)[actuary 词源字典]: 1550s, "registrar, clerk," from Latin actuarius "copyist, account-keeper," from actus "public business" (see act (n.)). Modern insurance office meaning first recorded 1849.[actuary etymology, actuary origin, 英语词源]
bibliographer (n.): 1650s, from Greek bibliographos "writer of books, transcriber, copyist," related to bibliographia (see bibliography).
copy (n.): early 14c., "written account or record," from Old French copie (13c.), from Medieval Latin copia "reproduction, transcript," from Latin copia "plenty, means" (see copious). Sense extended 15c. to any specimen of writing (especially MS for a printer) and any reproduction or imitation. Related: Copyist.
lectio difficilior: Latin, literally "harder reading," from phrase maxim difficilior lectio potior. In textual reconstruction (of the Bible, etc.) the idea that, of two alternative manuscript readings, the one whose meaning is less obvious is less likely to be a copyist's alteration, and therefore should be given precedence.
penman (n.): 1610s, "copyist, clerk, scrivener" (obsolete), from pen (n.1) + man (n.).
penmanship (n.): 1690s, from obsolete penman "copyist, clerk, scrivener" + -ship.
scrivener (n.): "professional penman, copyist," late 14c. (early 13c. as a surname), with superfluous -er + scrivein "scribe" (c. 1300), from Old French escrivain "a writer, notary, clerk" (Modern French écrivain), from Vulgar Latin *scribanem accusative of scriba "a scribe," from scribere "to write" (see script (n.)).