ribald: [13] Ribald was originally a noun, a derogatory term meaning ‘retainer or dependent of low status’. It was borrowed from Old French ribaut, a derivative of the verb riber ‘sleep around’. This is turn went back to Old High German rīban ‘rub’, hence ‘copulate’. It was not used as an adjective until the early 16th century. [ribald etymology, ribald origin, 英语词源]