英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

affiance (v.)[affiance 词源字典]: 1520s, "to promise," from Old French afiancier "to pledge, promise, give one's word," from afiance (n.) "confidence, trust," from afier "to trust," from Late Latin affidare, from ad- "to" (see ad-) + fidare "to trust," from fidus "faithful" from the same root as fides "faith" (see faith). From mid-16c. especially "to promise in marriage." Related: Affianced; affiancing.[affiance etymology, affiance origin, 英语词源]
defiance (n.): c. 1300, from Old French desfiance "challenge, declaration of war," from desfiant, present participle of desfier (see defy).
fiance (n.): "man to whom one is betrothed," 1864 (by 1826 as a French word in English), from French fiancé, past participle of fiancer "to betroth" (see fiancee). Borrowed earlier in Middle English as "confidence, trust; word of honor."
fiancee (n.): "woman to whom one is betrothed," 1844 (1837 as a French word in English), from French fiancée, fem. of fiancé, past participle of fiancer "to betroth," from fiance "a promise, trust," from fier "to trust," from Vulgar Latin *fidare "to trust," from Latin fidus "faithful" from the same root as fides "faith" (see faith). It has all but expelled native betrothed. The English verb fiance, now obsolete, was used c. 1450-1600 for "to engage to be married."
fianchetto (n.): chess move, 1847, Italian, diminutive of fianco "flank (attack)," from Old French flanc "hip, side" (see flank (n.)).