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correct [correct 词源字典]: correct: [14] Correct is etymologically related to rectitude and rightness. It comes from the past participle of Latin corrigere ‘make straight, put right’, a compound verb formed from the intensive prefix com- and regere ‘lead straight, rule’. This regere (source of English regent, régime, regiment, and region) goes back to an Indo-European base *reg- ‘move in a straight line’, which also produced English right, rectitude, regal, royal, and rule. In English the verb correct by a long time predates the adjective, which first appeared (via French) in the 17th century.
=> escort, regal, region, right, royal, rule[correct etymology, correct origin, 英语词源]
direct: direct: [14] English acquired direct from dīrectus, the past participle of Latin dīrigere ‘arrange in distinct lines’, hence ‘straighten, guide’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix dis- ‘apart’ and regere ‘guide, rule’ (source of English regent, region, etc). The first recorded use of the verb in English was ‘write something and send it to a particular person’, a sense now preserved more specifically in the related address. (Also ultimately from Latin dīrigere is dirigible ‘steerable airship’ [19], a borrowing from French dirigeable; this was a derivative of diriger, the French descendant of dīrigere.)
=> address, dirigible, dress, regent, region
erect: erect: [14] Erect was borrowed from Latin ērectus, the past participle of ērigere ‘raise up, set up’. This was a compound verb formed from the prefix ex- ‘out, up’ and regere ‘keep straight, set, direct’ (source of English regent, region, etc). The use of the derivative erection [15] for the enlargement of the penis dates from the 16th century.
=> correct, direct, regent, region
rector: rector: [14] A rector is etymologically a ‘ruler’. The word comes via Old French rectour from Latin rēctor ‘governor’, a derivative of the verb regere ‘govern, rule’ (from which English gets regent, region, etc). It carried its original meaning with it into English, with reference both to Roman governors in the ancient world and to God as ‘ruler’ of the universe (Sir Matthew Hale in 1676 referred to God as the ‘great dispenser or permitter and rector of all the events in the world’), but by the 18th century it had largely become restricted to the more specialized senses ‘clergyman in charge of a parish’ and ‘head of a college’.
=> regent, regiment, region
rectum: rectum: [16] Rectum is one of a range of words bequeathed to English by Latin rēctus ‘straight, correct’ (a distant relative of English right). Others include rectangle [16], rectify [14], and rectitude [15]. Rectum itself is short for rēctum intestīnum ‘straight intestine’ – a term contrasting the rectum with the convolutions of the remainder of the intestines.
=> direct, rectify, rectitude, right
resurrection: resurrection: see surge
anorectic (adj.): "characterized by lack of appetite," 1832, medical Latin, from Greek anorektos "without appetite" (see anorexia). As a noun, attested from 1913.
bidirectional (adj.): also bi-directional, 1941, from bi- + direction + -al (1). Originally of microphones. Related: Bidirectionally.
colorectal (adj.): by 1918, from comb. form of colon (n.2) + rectal.
correct (v.): mid-14c., "to set right, rectify" (a fault or error), from Latin correctus, past participle of corrigere "to put straight, reduce to order, set right;" in transferred use, "to reform, amend," especially of speech or writing, from com-, intensive prefix (see com-), + regere "to lead straight, rule" (see regal). Originally of persons; with reference to writing, etc., attested from late 14c. Related: Corrected; correcting.
correct (adj.): 1670s, from French correct "right, proper," from Latin correctus (see correct (v.)). Related: Correctly; correctness.
correction (n.): mid-14c., "action of correcting," from Old French correccion (13c.) "correction, amendment; punishment, rebuke," from Latin correctionem (nominative correctio), noun of action from past participle stem of corrigere (see correct (v.)). Meaning "chastisement" is from late 14c. Meaning "an instance of correction" is from 1520s. House of correction was in a royal statute from 1575.
corrective: 16c., adjective and noun, from French correctif, from Latin correct-, past participle stem of corrigere (see correct (v.).
direct (v.): late 14c., "to write (to someone), to address," from Latin directus "straight," past participle of dirigere "set straight," from dis- "apart" (see dis-) + regere "to guide" (see regal). Compare dress; address.

Meaning "to govern, regulate" is from c. 1500; "to order, ordain" is from 1650s. Sense of "to write the destination on the outside of a letter" is from 16c. Of plays, films, etc., from 1913. Related: Directed; directing.
direct (adj.): late 14c., from Latin directus "straight," past participle of dirigere "set straight" (see direct (v.)).
direction (n.): c. 1400, "orderly arrangement;" c. 1500 as "action of directing," from Latin directionem (nominative directio), noun of action from past participle stem of dirigere (see direct (v.)). Meaning "course pursued by a moving object" is from 1660s. Related: Directional.
directions (n.): "instructions on how to get somewhere," 1590s, plural of direction (q.v.).
directive (adj.): mid-15c., from Medieval Latin directivus, from past participle stem of Latin dirigere (see direct (v.)). From 1640s as a noun.
directly (adv.): 1510s, "in a straight line," from direct (adj.) + -ly (2). Figurative use is slightly earlier (c. 1500). Meaning "at once, immediately in time" (c. 1600) is from earlier sense of "without intermediate steps" (1520s).
director (n.): late 15c., "a guide," from Anglo-French directour, French directeur, agent noun from Latin dirigere (see direct (v.)). Corporate sense is from 1630s; theatrical sense from 1911.
directorate (n.): 1837, from director + -ate (1).
directory (n.): 1540s, "guide, book of rules," from Medieval Latin directorium, noun use of neuter of Latin directorius, from directus (see direct (v.)). Meaning "alphabetical listing of inhabitants of a region" is from 1732; listing of telephone numbers is from 1908. As an adjective, from mid-15c.
erect (adj.): late 14c., "upright, not bending," from Latin erectus "upright, elevated, lofty; eager, alert, aroused; resolute; arrogant," past participle of erigere "raise or set up," from e- "up, out of" + regere "to direct, keep straight, guide" (see regal).
erect (v.): c. 1400, a back-formation from erect (adj.) or else from Latin erectus. Related: Erected; erecting.
erectile (adj.): 1822, "pertaining to muscular erection," from French érectile, from Latin erect-, past participle stem of erigere "to raise or set up" (see erect (adj.)).
erection (n.): mid-15c., "establishment; advancement," from Late Latin erectionem (nominative erectio), noun of action from past participle stem of erigere "to set up, erect" (see erect (adj.)). Meanings "the putting up" (of a building, etc.), "stiffening of the penis" (also sometimes of the turgidity and rigidity of the clitoris) are both from 1590s.
erector (n.): 1530s, "one who builds," agent noun in Latin form from erect (v.). In reference to muscles from 1831. The children's buildig kit Erector (commonly known as an Erector set) was sold from 1913.
gastrectomy (n.): 1881, from gastro- "stomach" + -ectomy "a cutting out."
hysterectomy (n.): 1886, coined in English from Greek hystera "womb" (see uterus) + -ectomy.
incorrect (adj.): early 15c., "uncorrected," from Latin incorrectus "uncorrected," from in- "not" (see in- (1)) + correctus (see correct). Sense of "not in good style" is from 1670s; that of "factually wrong, erroneous, inaccurate" is from 1610s (implied in incorrectly).
indirect (adj.): late 14c., from Middle French indirect (14c.) or directly from Late Latin indirectus, from in- "not, opposite of" (see in- (1)) + directus (see direct). Related: Indirectness.
indirection (n.): c. 1600, from indirect + -ion.
indirectly (adv.): mid-15c., from indirect + -ly (2).
insurrection (n.): early 15c., from Middle French insurrection, from Late Latin insurrectionem (nominative insurrectio) "a rising up," noun of action from past participle stem of insurgere "to rise up" (see insurgent).
insurrectionary: 1796 (adj.), 1893 (n.), from insurrection + -ary.
misdirect (v.): c. 1600, "give wrong directions to;" see mis- (1) + direct (v.). Related: Misdirected; misdirecting.
misdirection (n.): 1768, from mis- (1) + direction. Meaning "action of a conjurer, thief, etc. to distract someone" is from 1943.
nephrectomy (n.): 1880, from nephro- "kidney" + -ectomy "a cutting out."
omnidirectional (adj.): 1927, from omni- + directional (see direction).
over-correction (n.): 1828, from over- + correction.
politically correct (adj.): first attested in prevailing current sense 1970; abbreviation P.C. is from 1986.
[T]here is no doubt that political correctness refers to the political movement and phenomenon, which began in the USA, with the aim to enforce a set of ideologies and views on gender, race and other minorities. Political correctness refers to language and ideas that may cause offence to some identity groups like women and aims at giving preferential treatment to members of those social groups in schools and universities. [Thuy Nguyen, "Political Correctness in the English Language,"2007]
rectal (adj.): 1822, from stem of rectum + -al (1). Related: Rectally.
rectangle (n.): 1570s, from Middle French rectangle (16c.) and directly from Late Latin rectangulum, from rect-, comb. form of Latin rectus "right" (see right (adj.1)) + Old French angle (see angle (n.)). Medieval Latin rectangulum meant "a triangle having a right angle."
rectangular (adj.): 1620s, from Middle French rectangulaire (16c.) or formed in English from Latin stem of rectangle + -ar. Related: Rectangularity.
rectification (n.): c. 1400, from Old French rectificacion (14c.) or directly from Late Latin rectificationem (nominative rectificatio), noun of action from past participle stem of rectificare (see rectify).
rectifier (n.): 1610s, agent noun from rectify.
rectify (v.): c. 1400, from Old French rectifier, literally "to make straight" (14c.), from Late Latin rectificare "make right," from Latin rectus "straight" (see right (adj.1)) + root of facere "to make" (see factitious). Related: Rectified; rectifying.
rectilinear (adj.): "forming a straight line," 1650s, with -ar + rectiline (1560s), from Late Latin rectilineus, from rectus "straight" (see right (adj.1)) + linea "line" (see line (n.)). Related: Rectilineal (1640s).
rectitude (n.): early 15c., "quality of being straight," from Middle French rectitude (14c.), from Late Latin rectitudinem (nominative rectitudo) "straightness, uprightness," from Latin rectus "straight" (see right (adj.1)). Sense of "upright in conduct or character" is from 1530s.
recto (n.): "right-hand page in an open book" (opposed to verso or reverso), 1824, from Latin recto (in recto folio), ablative of rectum "right," (see right (adj.1)).