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cesspool [cesspool 词源字典]: cesspool: [17] Cesspool has no direct etymological connection with pool. It comes from Old French suspirail ‘ventilator, breathing hole’, a derivative of souspirer ‘breathe’ (this goes back to Latin suspīrāre, source of the archaic English suspire ‘sigh’). This was borrowed into English in the early 15th century as suspiral ‘drainpipe’, which in the subsequent two hundred years appeared in a variety of spellings, including cesperalle.

By the early 16th century we find evidence of its being used not just for a pipe to drain matter away, but also for a well or tank to receive matter thus drained (originally any effluent, not just sewage). The way was thus open for a ‘reinterpretation’ of the word’s final element as pool (by the process known as folk etymology), and in the late 17th century the form cesspool emerged.

By analogy, as if there were really a word cess ‘sewage’, the term cesspit was coined in the mid-19th century.
=> suspire[cesspool etymology, cesspool origin, 英语词源]
demerit: demerit: [14] A demerit may be virtually the opposite of a merit, but the word was not formed, as might be supposed, by adding the prefix de-, denoting oppositeness or reversal, to merit. Its distant ancestor was Latin demeritum, from the verb demereri ‘deserve’, where the de- prefix meant not ‘opposite of’ but ‘completely’ (as it does too in, for example, denude and despoil).

Add this de- to mereri ‘deserve’ and you get ‘deserve thoroughly’. However, at some point in the Middle Ages the prefix began to be reinterpreted as ‘opposite’, and medieval Latin demeritum came to mean ‘fault’ – the sense that reached English via French démérite.
lend: lend: [15] Lend and loan are closely related – come in fact from the same ultimate source (which also produced English delinquent, ellipse, and relinquish). Why then does the verb have a d while the noun does not? Originally there was no d. The Old English verb ‘lend’ was lǣnan, which in Middle English became lene. But gradually during the Middle English period the past form lende came to be reinterpreted as a present form, and by the 15th century it was established as the new infinitive.
=> delinquent, ellipse, loan, relinquish
pettitoe: "A pig's foot, especially as an article of food; a pig's trotter. Formerly also: †(in plural) the edible entrails of an animal, e.g. a calf, sheep, pig, goose, etc.; offal, giblets ( obsolete )", Mid 16th cent.; earliest use found in John Bradford (c1510–1555), evangelical preacher and martyr. From Middle French petitoye goose giblets, offal of other animals from petit small + oie goose; later reinterpreted as from petty + toe.
bude: "With a person or thing as subject and bare or to-infinitive. Was necessitated or obliged; should, must (with both deontic and epistemic force)", Late Middle English; earliest use found in Cursor Mundi: a Northumbrian poem of the 14th century. Originally a contracted variant of behoved, 3rd singular past indicative of behove; subsequently sometimes reinterpreted as a stem form showing invariant present and past forms.