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shire[shire 词源字典]

shire: [OE] The original meaning of shire, which did not survive beyond the Old English period, was ‘official charge, administrative office’, and it has been suggested that the word is related ultimately to Latin cūra ‘care, charge’ (source of English curate, cure, etc). Already by the 9th century it was being used for an ‘administrative area ruled by a governor’, and over the next hundred years the application to what is now known as a county emerged. (County itself was introduced in the 14th century, and gradually ousted shire.) Sheriff is a compound based on shire.
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