词根词缀：academ-

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: [originally, Academus/Akademus, a name of a hero in Greek mythology; then it became a gymnasium near Athens where Plato taught]

【相关描述】In the beginning, academy referred to the "olive grove of Academus" or "the groves of Academe". Plato established his school in 387 B.C. Music, philosophy, and literature were taught there. Some accounts say that Plato sat on the ground and taught while resting against the trunk of an olive tree.

Now academies generally exist as private-secondary schools, military institutions; as art, literary, and scientific societies; and institutions in the entertainment world. According to John Ayto, the more general meanings "college, place of training" derive from French.

【同源单词】academe, academia, academic, academical, academician, academicism

词根词缀：hebe-, heb-

【来源及含义】Greek: youth, pubescence, puberty [the period during which the secondary characteristics of maturity begin to develop; by extension, a young man]

【相关描述】At the end of the first year the ephebians gave a display of their skill in military tactics and drills before the citizens of Athens in the state theater. At the close of this display each ephebian received a spear and a shield and took his oath of allegiance.

【同源单词】ephebe, ephebian, ephebiatrics, ephebic, ephebology, ephebus

词根词缀：marathon-; and related entries ending in -athon, -thon

【来源及含义】Greek: derived from an ancient villiage in Greece, northeast of Athens; as a result of an important Greek victory over the Persians in 490 B.C.

【同源单词】hackathon, Marathon, marathon, marathon, marathon, marathoner

词根词缀：phront-, phorntid-; phronemo-, phron-

【来源及含义】Greek: thought, care, attention; think, thinking, contemplation

【相关描述】The Greeks had a word, phrontisterion, to indicate a place for thought and study or a "thinking-shop" (think tank?). Aristophanes (c. 450-c. 380 B.C.), was an Athenian dramatist who is known to have written more than 40 comedies that gave satiric expression to his strong, conservative prejudices against certain trends and personalities in the Athens of his day. It was this Aristophanes who used the Greek equivalent of phrontistery to ridicule the school of Socrates.

The Greek noun was derived from phrontistes (philosopher, profound thinker, one with intellectual pretensions) from the verb phrontizein (to reflect), based on phrontis (thought, reflection). The word phrontist applies to a "deep thinker," a "person involved in study, reflection, meditation," and it, too, in its Greek form, was applied ironically by Aristophanes to Socrates himself.

【同源单词】philophronesis, phronemophobia, phronesis, phronosis, phrontifugic, phrontistery