词根:ple(t), plet, pli, ply, plen(i) = to fill, full 装满(的)
词根ple来自拉丁动词plere 的不定式词干,plet是它的过去分词pletum 的词干,意为to fill(充满);plen 是同源的拉丁形容词plenus 的词干部分,意为full(充满的),因为同源近义,把以把它们放在一起。此外,意为 to fold的plic,ply,pli,plex,plo 等与这些词根形态相似,注意不要混淆。
同源词:
1. compliant (完全满足对方的心情的 com (= thoroughly) + pli(=fill))
adj.服从的,顺从的
compliance/compliancy n.顺从
comply v.依从,顺从 (满足对方的要求)
She has quite a compliant personality. 她的个性很温顺。
2. complement(完全添满 com(=intensive) + ple(=fill))
n.补充(物);[语]补语
vt. 补充,补足
complementary adj. 补充的
The belief that white wine invariably complements seafood is outdated. 认为吃海鲜总是要配上白葡萄酒的想法已经过时了。
3. implement(把...里面填满 im<in(=in) + ple(=fill))
n. 工具;手段
vt. 履行(协定、约定等);实行
implementation n.履行;实行
The plan will be implemented in stages,starting next week. 此计划下周开始分段实行。
4. supplement(在下面填满sup<sub(=under) + ple(=fill))
vt. sth + with +sth 补充
n. 补充,增补;补充物;附录;增刊
supplementary adj.补充的,追加的
Most breakfast cereals contain a host of witamin and mineral supplements. 大部分的早餐谷物食品中都含有大量的维生素和矿物质添加剂。
5. deplete (对“装满”的轻微否定 de(=reverse) + plet(=fill))
vt. 用尽;使枯竭
depletion n.消耗;枯竭
Some cancer medications severely deplete calcium in bones. 一些治疗癌症的药物会使骨骼中的钙的含量迅速减少。
6. replete(完全填满的re(=intensive) + plet(=fill))
adj. 充满的;充实的;饱食的
repletion n.充满;饱食
The shelter gave the men a Christmas dinner replete with all the trimmings. 那个避难所用各种食物拼配而成的丰盛的圣诞晚餐招待了那些人。
7. replenish (重新填满re(=again) + plen(=fill) )
vt. 再装满;重新补充
It's your responsibility to inventory and replenish supplies. 你的责任是盘点和补充库存。
8. plenary (与填充的事物相关的 plen(=fill))(-ary (a.) 表示“…的”(形容空瓶被填满的,即完全的 / 全部的 / 全体的)
adj.完全的,充分的;绝对的;(会议)全体的出席的
plenarily adv.完全地
A vote was held at the plenary session of the city council. 在市议会的全体会议上进行了投票。
9. compliment
n.称赞,赞扬;敬意;表示敬意;(pl.)祝词
v. 恭维,称赞;向...赠送(某物)以表示敬意 *com(=with,together)
pay a compliment 称赞
give /present /send my compliment to your father 向你的父亲致意
With the compliments of the season 祝贺佳节(圣诞节、新年等节日时的问候语)
With the author's compliments (著者)谨赠,惠存(在赠送本上书写的字句)
compliment her on her new snowboard 称赞她的新滑雪板
compliment her with Vocabulary Workshop 向她赠送 Vocabulary Workshop 一书
10. complimentary
adj.称赞的,赞美的;表示敬意的;免费赠送的 *com(=with,together)
complimentary address 祝词
complimentary copy/ticket /dinner 赠送本/优待券、招待券/(飞机上为顾客提供的)免费餐
11. supply
v.供给(所需或所要求的物品),提供;满足(需求) n. 供给,供应;供应品;军粮补给品;储备物资;(个人的)生活费;代课教师 *sup<sub(=under)
supplier n.(物资等的)供应者
supplenment n. (sup-(=sub) = from under 自下;ple = to fill 装满;-ment n. = the act or result 表行为或结果 --> "the act or result of filling from under 自下而上装满的行为或结果" -->)填补物,增补物;百科
全书的补编 v.增补;补充;
supply and demand 供求
supplies in our reservoir 我们水库里的储备水
medical supplies 医药用品
supply teacher 代课教师
12. complete (com全部+plet满+e→全部满了→完成的)
adj.完全的,全部的,完整的;彻底的 v.结束,完成;使完整 *com(=together)
completely adv.完全地,彻底地
complete failure 彻底失败
complete stranger 完全不认识的人
complete works of Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集
complete the puzzle 做填字游戏
13. completion
n.完成,结束;(目的的)达成;[经](销售契约手续的)正式完成 *com(=together)
on completion of contract 完成合同手续后
sentence completion 完成句子
14. expletive (ex- 出,外,plet 装,填,-ive 形容词后缀 --> 填在外面的,装在外面的--> 附加的)
adj.附加的,填补的 ;仅有文法功用而无实际意义的
n.虚词;助词;咒骂词 *ex(=out)
15. plethora
n.过多,过剩;[医]多血症
16. plenipotentiary (potent 权力 / 全能、-i- 连接词、-ary (a./ n.)(形容掌满权力的人,拥有很大权力,即全权大使 / 有全权的))
n.全权大使 adj.有全权的 *pot(=capable of ,powerful)
ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary 特命全权大使
minister plenipotentiary 全权公使
17. plenitude (-itude (n.) 抽象名词后缀(全的,满的,即丰富 / 充足 / 完全 / 充分))
n.充分;丰富
in the plentitude of his powers 在他权力鼎盛之时
18. deplenish (de- 非 / 相反、-ish (v.) 动词后缀(装满水的瓶子被反过来,即倒空 / 弄空 / 使空))
v. 倒空,弄空 , 使空
19. plenteous(plent(= fill) + eous 形容词后缀)
adj. [诗]富饶的;丰富的(=plentiful)
20. plenum
n.充满物质的空间;高压状态;充实;全体会议(完全充满)《-um 表示抽象名词》
21. ample
adj.富足的;充分的(充满于四周的)《am- = amb- = about》
22. accomplish
v.完成,达成《ac- =ad- =to》
accomplishment n.完成;成就;(pl.)技艺;才能
词根:text = to weave
来自拉丁语的text意为to weave。
(*拉丁文texere(=to weave)——英文字根字典)
同源词:
1. pretext(事先编织、编造pre(=before) + text(=weave))
n.借口;托词
She used her mild cold as a pretext for missing work today.今天她以不怎么严重的感冒为借口没去上班。
2. context
n.(文章的)上下文;(事件等的)来龙去脉,背景 *con<com(=together)
contextual adj.上下文的
in this context 在这种背景下
3. textile
n.纺织品;编织原料 adj.纺织的 *con<com(=together)
textile process 纺织过程
the textile industry 纺织业
textile art / fabrics编织工艺/纺织品
4. texture
n.(织物等的)质地,做工;(文艺作品等的)组织;结构
cloth with a loose /close texture 质地稀松的/紧密的布
texture of a mineral 矿物的构造
skin o fine/coarse lexture 细腻/粗糙的皮肤
5. text
n.正文(相对于注释、图解、插图等);原文;(布道时引用的)圣经的章节;(演说、讨论等的)题目,主题;课文,课本
too much text and not enough pictures 文字太多,图片太少
stick to one's text(故事等)没有脱离主题
speaker's text 演讲者的主题
algebra text 代数课本
6. textual
adj.本文的,原文的
textual errors原文的错误
textual criticism 校堪
7. subtle
adj.微妙的;难以捕捉的;敏感的;敏锐的;巧妙的;精妙的;不知不觉间起作用的;狡猾的 *sub(=precisely,under)
subtle distinction 微妙的区别
subtle charm 神秘的魅力
subtle mind 敏锐的思维
subtle observer /critic 敏锐的观察者/批评家
subtle tricks 狡猾的手段
subtle design 精妙的设计
subtle drug 不知不觉间起作用的药
8. subtlety
n.微妙;敏感;精巧;细微的差别;微妙之处 *sub(=precisely,under)
9. intertexture
n.编织;编织物(交互编织) inter- = between
10. tissue
n.[生理]组织
后缀:-logy [名词后缀]亦作-ology
表示“...学”、“...研究”、“...论”、“...法”,与-logical,-logist相对应
biology 生物学
zoology 动物学
oceanology 海洋学
climatology 气候学
dialectology 方言学
mineralogy 矿物学
bacteriology 细菌学
musicology 音乐研究
methodology 方法论
escapology 逃避法
volcanology 火山学
vitaminology 维生素学
词根词缀:alumino-, alumin-
【来源及含义】Latin: aluminum [U.S.] and aluminium, [British]
【相关描述】This term was coined in 1812 by its discoverer, the British chemist Sir Humphry Davy, as an alteration of the earlier [1808] New Latin alumium, that was also coined by Sir Davy from alumina, a mineral occurring in nature as corundum plus -ium, a suffix meaning, in this case, "metal").
The variant form aluminium, which is preferred in British usage, also appeared in 1812 as a deliberate alteration of aluminum in order to eliminate confusion because of the partial resemblance to other names of certain elements, such as sodium, potassium, and magnesium, all of which were coined earlier by Sir Davy.
【同源单词】aluminate, alumine, aluminium, Aluminoid, aluminosis, aluminothermy
词根词缀:creno-, cren-, crauno-, crouno-
【来源及含义】Greek: well head, spring, fountain, mineral spring
【同源单词】craunology, craunotherapy, crenic, crenicoline, crenogenic meromixis, crenology
词根词缀:crystallo-, crystall-
【来源及含义】Greek: crystal, ice, freeze, congeal, frost; icelike, transparent; [especially in reference to a mineral or glass]
【相关词根词缀】Additional related "ice" units: glaci-; grando-.
【同源单词】cryptocrystalline, crystal, crystalline, crystallogram, crystallographer, crystallography
词根词缀:-ite
【来源及含义】Greek: a suffix; one connected with, inhabitant of [also used to indicate chemicals, minerals, etc.]
【同源单词】adelpholite, adelphoparasite, aerolite, albite, amphibiolite, anthropolite
词根词缀:litho-, lith-, -lith, -lithic, -lite, -liths, -lites
【来源及含义】Greek: stone, rock; hard consolidated mineral matter; hard matter formed from mineral and earth material; hard substance that is solid
【相关词根词缀】 Related "stone, rock" word families: lapid-; petro-; saxi-; stele-.
【同源单词】abyssolith, acaustobiolith, acrolith, aerolite, allotriolith, amygdalolith
词根词缀:magnet-, magneto-
【来源及含义】Greek: Magnesian [stone]; Magnesia having been a mineral-rich region of Thessaly
【同源单词】aeromagnetics, biomagnetism, diamagnetic, diamagnetism, diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion weighted imaging
词根词缀:metallo-, metall-
【来源及含义】Greek: mineral, metal
【同源单词】metallesthesia, metallochrome, metallograph, metallographic, metallophil, metallophilia