词根:pun, pen(poen) = to punish, pen
来自拉丁语的pun,pen 意为to punish,pen 变形为poen。同义词根为来自拉丁语的veng。
(*拉丁文poena (=penalty),punire (=to punish)——英文字根字典)
同源词:
1. impunity(不受惩罚 im<in(=not) + pun(=punish))
n.免除(惩罚、损害等)
Citizens bribe public officials with impunity in many third world nation. 在许多第三世界国家,公民向公务员行贿可以不受惩罚。
2. penal(是惩罚、刑罚的 pen (=punishment))
adj.刑罚的,刑事的
penalize v.对...处罚;使处于不利地位
penalty n.处罚,刑罚;罚金;犯规处罚
penally adv.用刑罚;刑事上
The warden has been advocating penal reform for many years.那监狱长很多年以来一直在提倡刑罚改革。
3. impenitent
adj.不知悔改的 *im<in(=not)
4. impunity
n.不受惩罚;免受伤害《im- = in = not》
5. penance
n.赎罪,苦修
6. penitence
n.后悔,改过;忏悔
7. penitent
adj.悔罪的;后悔的
8. penitential
adj.后悔的,忏悔的,悔过的;苦修赎罪的
9. penology
n.刑罚学;监狱管理学
10. punishment
n.惩罚,处罚,惩戒;刑罚;<口>虐待
punish v.惩罚
punishable adj.可处罚的
capital punishment 极刑
corporal punishment 体罚
disciplinary punishment 纪律处罚
divine punishment 天罚
11. punitive
adj.刑罚的;惩罚的
punitive expedition 讨伐
punitive justice 困果报应
12. repent
v.后悔,悔改 *re(=again,back)
13. repentant
adj.后悔的,悔改的 *re(=again,back)
repentant sinner 悔过自新的罪人
repentant of his folly 对自己的愚蠢行为感到后悔
the righteous and the repentant 正人君子和悔改者
14. subpoena
n.[律]传票 v.传唤,传讯 *sub(=under) ,poen<pen(=punish)
be subpoenaed as a withness 作为证人被传唤
15. penitentiary
n.监狱 adj.导致监禁的;用做惩处的;监狱的 (使其反悔的地方)《-ary 表示场所的后缀》
16. penalize
v.宣告有罪;规定应罚
词根词缀:poen-, peno-, poino-, poin-, puni-, pain-, penal-, pent-
【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: pain, punishment, penalty
【相关词根词缀】 Cross references related to "pain, hurt; suffering, injury" word families: -agra; algesi-; algo-; angina-; dolor-; Masochism; noci-; odyno-; pono- (toil, work; pain); Sadism.
【同源单词】counterpunch, impunity, Nemo debet bis puniri pro uno delicto, pain, painful, painfully