1. In most cases, an ammeter or picoammeter is used to measure current.
多数情况下，安培计或皮安计是用于测量电流的。
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2. With this connection method, the picoammeter reads a negative current.
采用这种连接方法时，皮安计读出的电流为负值。
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3. A picoammeter is an ammeter built along the lines of the ammeter function of an electrometer.
皮安表是安培表的一个门类，其实质上是静电计中安培表功能的延续。
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4. Usually, this method requires two instruments: a voltage source and a picoammeter or electrometer.
通常，这种方法需要使用两台仪器：一台电压源和一台皮安计或静电计。
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5. Note that before the capacitor is switched to the picoammeter, the capacitor is connected to circuit LO.
请注意，在电容器被切换至皮安计之前，它是被连接到电路lo的。
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6. Since the voltage burden of the electrometer ammeter or picoammeter is less than 1mV, the diodes won't conduct.
由于静电计、安培计或皮安计的输入端压降小于1mV，这两个二极管不会导通。
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7. Picoammeter amplifier gain can be changed as in the voltmeter circuit by using the combination shown in Figure 1-11.
和电压表电路一样，可以使用如图1 - 11所示的组合电路来改变皮安表放大器的增益。
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8. Note the top electrode is guarded, so that only current flowing across the insulator is measured by the picoammeter.
注意，顶部的电极接保护，所以只有流经绝缘体表面的电流才为皮安计所测量。
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9. The measured current is usually quite small, so a picoammeter or electrometer is often required to make the measurement.
测得的电流通常非常小，因此往往需要使用皮安计或静电计进行测量。
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10. If this is the case, a simple coaxial vacuum feedthrough can be used to make connections from the collector to the picoammeter.
在这种情况下，可以使用简单的真空同轴接头来进行从收集电极到皮安计的连接。
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11. Figure 4-16 shows a Model 6485 Picoammeter measuring the current from the ion collector, which is operating at ground potential.
图4 -16示出6485型皮安计从离子收集电极测量电流的情况，这时仪器工作在地电位。
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12. Figure 2-24 shows a protection circuit for an electrometer ammeter or picoammeter, consisting of a resistor and two diodes (1n3595).
图2 - 24示出静电计或皮安计的过载保护电路，其中包括一个电阻器和两个二极管(1n3595)。
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13. The voltage across RL1 is the picoammeter voltage burden, normally less than one millivolt, so the resulting current will be quite small.
RL1上的电压为皮安计的输入端压降，通常小于1mV，所以产生的电流是相当小的。
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14. A basic approach to high speed measurements is to minimize stray shunting capacitance through careful mechanical design of the picoammeter.
实现高速测量的基本方法是，仔细地进行皮安表的机械设计以尽量减少寄生并联电容。
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15. The picoammeter reads the current at the last dynode, which is equal to the anode current minus the current flowing to the previous dynode.
皮安计在最后一个倍增管电极处读取电流，此电流等于阳极电流减去流过前一个倍增管电极的电流。
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16. When compared with an electrometer, a picoammeter has a similar low voltage burden, similar or faster speed, less sensitivity, and a lower price.
与静电计相比，皮安表具有类似的低输入端压降，相同或稍快的测量速率，较低的电流灵敏度和低廉的价格。
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17. Applications such as measuring light with a photomultiplier tube generally require the use of a picoammeter due to the low current levels involved.
由于要测量的电流非常弱，所以用光电倍增管测量光的应用工作通常需要使用皮安计。
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18. To make the measurement, a constant voltage is applied for a predefined period, usually 60 seconds, and the resulting current is measured with a picoammeter or electrometer.
19. Ir measurements often involve multiple conductors, so a switching system is often required to switch the picoammeter and the source to all the conductors in the test circuit.
由于IR测量往往涉及到多芯导线，所以通常需要一套切换系统来将皮安计和源切换至测试电路中的所有导线。
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20. Note that when none of the channels on the Model 7158 card are energized, terminals 2 and 4 are connected to the LO of the picoammeter (pA), which electrically is the guard terminal.
21. Note that when none of the channels on the Model 7158 card are energized, terminals 2 and 4 are connected to the LO of the picoammeter (pA), which electrically is the guard terminal.
