英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

anti-Semitism (n.)[anti-Semitism 词源字典]: also antisemitism, 1881, from German Antisemitismus, first used by Wilhelm Marr (1819-1904) German radical, nationalist and race-agitator, who founded the Antisemiten-Liga in 1879; see anti- + Semite.

Not etymologically restricted to anti-Jewish theories, actions, or policies, but almost always used in this sense. Those who object to the inaccuracy of the term might try Hermann Adler's Judaeophobia (1882). Anti-Semitic (also antisemitic) and anti-Semite (also antisemite) also are from 1881, like anti-Semitism they appear first in English in an article in the "Athenaeum" of Sept. 31, in reference to German literature.[anti-Semitism etymology, anti-Semitism origin, 英语词源]
anti-social (adj.): also antisocial, 1797, from anti- + social (adj.). First-attested use is in sense of "unsociable;" meaning "hostile to social order or norms" is from 1802.
anti-war (adj.): also antiwar, 1857, from anti- + war (n.).
antibiotic (adj.): 1894, "destructive to micro-organisms," from French antibiotique (c. 1889), from anti- "against" (see anti-) + biotique "of (microbial) life," from Late Latin bioticus "of life" (see biotic). As a noun, first recorded 1941 in works of U.S. microbiologist Selman Waksman (1888-1973), discoverer of streptomycin. Earlier the adjective was used in a sense "not from living organisms" in debates over the origins of certain fossils.
antibody (n.): "substance developed in blood as an antitoxin," 1901, a hybrid formed from anti- "against" + body. Probably a translation of German Antikörper, condensed from a phrase such as anti-toxischer Körper "anti-toxic body" (1891).
antic (n.): 1520s, "grotesque or comical gesture," from Italian antico "antique," from Latin antiquus "old" (see antique). Originally (like grotesque) a 16c. Italian word referring to the strange and fantastic representations on ancient murals unearthed around Rome (especially originally the Baths of Titus, rediscovered 16c.); later extended to "any bizarre thing or behavior," in which sense it first arrived in English. As an adjective in English from 1580s, "grotesque, bizarre."
antichrist (n.): c. 1300, from Late Latin antichristus, from Greek antikhristos [I John ii:18], from anti- "against" (see anti-) + khristos (see Christ).
antichristian (adj.): 1530s, "pertaining to the antichrist," from antichrist + -ian; as "hostile or opposed to to Christianity or Christians" (also anti-Christian), 1580s, from anti- + Christian (adj.).
anticipate (v.): 1530s, "to cause to happen sooner," a back-formation from anticipation, or else from Latin anticipatus, past participle of anticipare "take (care of) ahead of time," literally "taking into possession beforehand," from ante "before" (see ante) + capere "to take" (see capable).

Later "to be aware of (something) coming at a future time" (1640s). Used in the sense of "expect, look forward to" since 1749, but anticipate has an element of "prepare for, forestall" that should prevent its being used as a synonym for expect. Related: Anticipated; anticipating.
anticipation (n.): late 14c., from Latin anticipationem (nominative anticipatio) "preconception, preconceived notion," noun of action from past participle stem of anticipare "take care of ahead of time" (see anticipate). Meaning "action of looking forward to" is from 1809.
anticipatory (adj.): 1660s, from anticipate + -ory.
anticlimactic (adj.): also anti-climactic, 1831; see anticlimax + -ic.
anticlimax (n.): "the addition of a particular which suddenly lowers the effect," 1701, from anti- + climax (n.).
anticline (n.): 1867, earlier anticlinal (1849, by ellipsis from anticlinal fold), from anti- "against" + Greek klinein "to lean, slope" (see lean (v.)). Form assimilated to incline.
anticoagulant: 1905, adjective and noun, from anti- + coagulant.
antics (n.): "ludicrous behavior," 1520s; see antic.
anticyclone (n.): 1863, coined by Francis Galton (1822-1911), English polymath, explorer, and meteorologist, from anti- + cyclone. Related: Anticyclonic.
antidepressant (n.): 1876, from anti- + depressant.
antidisestablishmentarianism (n.): "opposition to disestablishment of the Church of England," 1838, said by Weekley to be first recorded in Gladstone's "Church and State," from dis- + establishment in the sense of "the ecclesiastical system established by law; the Church of England" (1731). Hence establishmentarianism "the principle of a state church" (1846) and disestablish (1590s) "to deprive (a church) of especial state patronage and support" (first used specifically of Christian churches in 1806), which are married in this word. Rarely used at all now except in examples of the longest words, amongst which it has been counted at least since 1901.
antidotal (adj.): 1640s, from antidote + -al (1).