英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

addle (v.)[addle 词源字典]: 1712, from addle (n.) "urine, liquid filth," from Old English adela "mud, mire, liquid manure" (cognate with Old Swedish adel "urine," Middle Low German adel, Dutch aal "puddle").

Used in noun phrase addle egg (mid-13c.) "egg that does not hatch, rotten egg," literally "urine egg," a loan-translation of Latin ovum urinum, which is itself an erroneous loan-translation of Greek ourion oon "putrid egg," literally "wind egg," from ourios "of the wind" (confused by Roman writers with ourios "of urine," from ouron "urine"). Because of this usage, from c. 1600 the noun in English was taken as an adjective meaning "putrid," and thence given a figurative extension to "empty, vain, idle," also "confused, muddled, unsound" (1706). The verb followed a like course. Related: Addled; addling.[addle etymology, addle origin, 英语词源]
address (v.): early 14c., "to guide or direct," from Old French adrecier "go straight toward; straighten, set right; point, direct" (13c.), from Vulgar Latin *addirectiare "make straight," from Latin ad "to" (see ad-) + *directiare, from Latin directus "straight, direct" (see direct (v.)). Late 14c. as "to set in order, repair, correct." Meaning "to write as a destination on a written message" is from mid-15c. Meaning "to direct spoken words (to someone)" is from late 15c. Related: Addressed; addressing.
address (n.): 1530s, "dutiful or courteous approach," from address (v.) and from French adresse. Sense of "formal speech" is from 1751. Sense of "superscription of a letter" is from 1712 and led to the meaning "place of residence" (1888).
addressee (n.): 1810; see address (v.) + -ee.
adduce (v.): early 15c., from Latin adducere "lead to, bring to, bring along," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + ducere "to lead" (see duke (n.)). Related: Adduced; adducing.
Adelaide: fem. proper name, from French Adélaide, from a Germanic source similar to Old High German Adalhaid, from adal "noble family" (see atheling) + German heit "state, rank," related to Old English -had "person, degree, state, nature" (see -hood). The first element affixed to French fem. ending -ine gave Adeline.
Adeline: fem. proper name, from French, of Germanic origin, literally "noble" (see Adelaide).
Adelphia: district of London, so called because it was laid out by four brothers of a family named Adam, from Greek adelphos "brother," literally "from the same womb," from copulative prefix a- "together with" + delphys "womb," perhaps related to dolphin. The district was the site of a popular theater c. 1882-1900, which gave its name to a style of performance.
Aden: place in southern Arabia, ultimately from Akkadian edinnu "plain," which some think also is the root of Biblical Eden.
adenine (n.): crystaline base, 1885, coined by German physiologist/chemist Albrecht Kossel (1853-1927) from Greek aden "gland" (see inguinal) + chemical suffix -ine (2). So called because it was derived from the pancreas of an ox.
adenoid (adj.): 1839, "gland-like," medical Latin adenoideus, from Greek adenoeides, from aden (genitive adenos) "gland" (see inguinal) + eidos "form" (see -oid). Adenoids "adenoid growths" attested by 1856.
adenoidal (adj.): 1852, from adenoid (gland) (see adenoid) + -al (1).
adept (adj.): 1690s, "completely skilled" from Latin adeptus "having reached, attained," past participle of adipisci "to come up with, arrive at," figuratively "to attain to, acquire," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + apisci "grasp, attain," related to aptus "fitted" (see apt). Related: Adeptly.
adept (n.): "an expert," especially "one who is skilled in the secrets of anything," 1660s, from Latin adeptus (see adept (adj.)). The Latin adjective was used as a noun in this sense in Medieval Latin among alchemists.
adequate (adj.): 1610s, from Latin adaequatus "equalized," past participle of adaequare "to make equal to," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + aequare "make level," from aequus (see equal (adj.)). The sense is of being "equal to what is required." Related: Adequateness.
adequately (adv.): 1620s, from adequate + -ly (2); originally a term in logic in reference to correspondence of ideas and objects. Meaning "suitably" is recorded from 1680s.
adhere (v.): 1590s, from Middle French adhérer (15c.) or directly from Latin adhaerare "to stick to" (see adherent (adj.)). Originally often of persons, "to cleave to a leader, cause, party, etc." (compare adherent (n.), which still often retains this sense). Related: Adhered; adhering.
adherence (n.): mid-15c., "attachment to a person, support," from Middle French adhérence, from Latin adhaerentia, noun of action from adhaerentem (nominative adhaerens), present participle of adhaerare (see adherent (adj.)).
adherent (adj.): late 14c., from Old French adherent or directly from Latin adhaerentem (nominative adhaerens), present participle of adhaerere "stick to," from ad- "to" (see ad-) + haerere "to stick" (see hesitation).
adherent (n.): "follower, associate, supporter," early 15c., from Old French adherent or directly from Latin adhaerentem (see adherent (adj.)). Meaning "adhesive substance" is from 1912.