英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

choke-hold (n.)[choke-hold 词源字典]: 1962, from choke + hold (n.).[choke-hold etymology, choke-hold origin, 英语词源]
choker (n.): 1550s, "one who chokes," agent noun from choke (v.). From 1848 as "large neckerchief;" as a kind of necklace, 1928.
cholecyst (n.): "gall bladder," 1846, from medical Latin cholecystis, incorrectly formed from Greek khole "gall" (see cholera) + kystis "bladder, cyst" (see cyst). Related: Cholecystectomy.
cholecystitis (n.): 1846, from cholecyst + -itis "inflammation."
choler (n.): late 14c., "bile," as one of the humors, supposed to cause irascibility or temper, from Old French colere "bile, anger," from Late Latin cholera "bile" (see cholera).
cholera (n.): late 14c., "bile, melancholy" (originally the same as choler), from Middle French cholera or directly from Late Latin cholera, from Greek kholera "a type of disease characterized by diarrhea, supposedly caused by choler" (Celsus), from khole "gall, bile," from khloazein "to be green," from khloros (see Chloe). But another sense of khole was "drainpipe, gutter."

Revived 1560s in classical sense as a name for a severe digestive disorder (rarely fatal to adults); and 1704 (especially as cholera morbus), for a highly lethal disease endemic in India, periodically breaking out in global epidemics, especially that reaching Britain and America in the early 1830s.
choleraic (adj.): "pertaining to cholera," 1832, from cholera + -ic.
choleric (adj.): mid-14c., colrik, "bilious of temperament or complexion," from Old French colerique, from Late Latin cholericus, from Greek kholerikos (see choler). Meaning "easily angered, hot-tempered" is from 1580s (from the supposed effect of excess choler); that of "pertaining to cholera" is from 1834.
cholesterol (n.): white, solid substance present in body tissues, 1894, earlier cholesterin, from French cholestrine (Chevreul, 1827), from Greek khole "bile" (see cholera) + steros "solid, stiff" (see sterility). So called because originally found in gallstones (Conradi, 1775). The name was changed to the modern form (with chemical suffix -ol, denoting an alcohol) after the compound was discovered to be a secondary alcohol.
cholinergic (adj.): 1934, from choline (coined in German, 1862, from Greek khole "bile;" see cholera) + Greek ergon "work" (see organ) + -ic.
Cholo: "Indian or mixed-race person of Latin America" (fem. Chola), 1851, from American Spanish (c. 1600), said to be from Nahuatl (Aztecan) xolotl "dog, mutt." Proposed derivation from Mexican city of Cholula seems too late, if this is the same word. In U.S., used of lower-class Mexican immigrants, but by 1970s the word began to be embraced in Latino gang slang in a positive sense.
chomp (v.): 1640s, dialectal and American English variant of champ (v.). Related: Chomped; chomping.
chondro-: word-forming element meaning "cartilage," from Latinized form of Greek khondros "cartilage" (of the breastbone); see grind (v.).
choo-choo (n.): Child's name for "steam-engine locomotive," 1895, echoic (choo-choo cars is attested from 1891).
choose (v.): Old English ceosan "choose, seek out, select; decide, test, taste, try; accept, approve" (class II strong verb; past tense ceas, past participle coren), from Proto-Germanic *keus- (cognates: Old Frisian kiasa, Old Saxon kiosan, Dutch kiezen, Old High German kiosan, German kiesen, Old Norse kjosa, Gothic kiusan "choose," Gothic kausjan "to taste, test"), from PIE root *geus- "to taste, relish" (see gusto). Only remotely related to choice. Variant spelling chuse is Middle English, very frequent 16c.-18c. The irregular past participle leveled out to chosen by 1200.
choosy (adj.): 1862, American English, from choose + -y (2). Also sometimes choosey. Related: Choosiness.
chop (v.1): "to cut with a quick blow," mid-14c., of uncertain origin, perhaps from Old North French choper (Old French coper "to cut, cut off," 12c., Modern French couper), from Vulgar Latin *cuppare "to behead," from a root meaning "head," but influenced in Old French by couper "to strike." Related: Chopped; chopping.
chop (v.2): "shift quickly," 1530s, earlier "to bargain" (early 15c.), ultimately from Old English ceapian "to bargain" (see cheap); here with a sense of "changing back and forth," probably from common expressions such as to chop and change "barter." To chop logic is recorded from 1570s. Related: Chopped; chopping.
chop (n.): "act of chopping," mid-14c., from chop (v.1). Meaning "piece cut off" is mid-15c.; specifically "slice of meat" from mid-17c. Sense of "a blow, strike" is from 1550s.
chop suey (n.): 1885, American English, from Chinese (Cantonese dialect) tsap sui "odds and ends, mixed bits."