英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

expeditious (adj.)[expeditious 词源字典]: late 15c., expedycius "useful, fitting," from Latin expeditus "disengaged, ready, convenient, prompt; unfettered, unencumbered," past participle of expedire (see expedite). Meaning "speedy, speedily accomplished" is from 1590s. Related: Expeditiously; expeditiousness.[expeditious etymology, expeditious origin, 英语词源]
expel (v.): late 14c., "cast out," from Latin expellere "drive out, drive away," from ex- "out" (see ex-) + pellere "to drive" (see pulse (n.1)). Specific meaning "to eject from a school" is first recorded 1640s. Related: Expelled; expelling.
expellee (n.): 1888, from expel + -ee.
expend (v.): early 15c., from Latin expendere "pay out, weigh out money," from ex- "out" (see ex-) + pendere "to pay, weigh" (see pendant). Related: Expended; expending.
expendable (adj.): 1805, from expend + -able.
expenditure (n.): 1769, "act of expending," from Medieval Latin expenditus, irregular past participle of Latin expendere "to weigh out; to pay out" (see expend) + -ure. Meaning "that which is expended" is from 1791. Related: Expenditures.
expense (n.): also formerly expence, late 14c., "action of spending or giving away, a laying out or expending," also "funds provided for expenses, expense money; damage or loss from any cause," from Anglo-French expense, Old French espense "money provided for expenses," from Late Latin expensa "disbursement, outlay, expense," noun use of neuter plural past participle of Latin expendere "to weigh out money, to pay down" (see expend).

Latin spensa also yielded Medieval Latin spe(n)sa, the sense of which specialized to "outlay for provisions," then "provisions, food" before it was borrowed into Old High German as spisa and became the root of German Speise "food," now mostly meaning prepared food, and speisen "to eat." Expense account is from 1872.
expense (v.): 1909, from expense (n.). Related: Expensed; expensing.
expenses (n.): "charges incurred in the discharge of duty," late 14c. See expense (n.).
expensive (adj.): 1620s, "given to profuse expenditure," from expense (n.) + -ive. Meaning "costly, requiring profuse expenditure" is from 1630s. Earlier was expenseful (c. 1600). Expenseless was in use mid-17c.-18c., but there seems now nothing notable to which it applies, and the dictionaries label it "obsolete." Related: Expensively; expensiveness.
experience (n.): late 14c., "observation as the source of knowledge; actual observation; an event which has affected one," from Old French esperience "experiment, proof, experience" (13c.), from Latin experientia "a trial, proof, experiment; knowledge gained by repeated trials," from experientem (nominative experiens) "experienced, enterprising, active, industrious," present participle of experiri "to try, test," from ex- "out of" (see ex-) + peritus "experienced, tested," from PIE root *per- (3) "to lead, pass over" (see peril). Meaning "state of having done something and gotten handy at it" is from late 15c.
experience (v.): 1530s, "to test, try, learn by practical trial or proof;" see experience (n.). Sense of "feel, undergo" first recorded 1580s. Related: Experienced; experiences; experiencing.
experienced (adj.): "having experience, taught by practice, skillful through doing," 1570s, past participle adjective from experience (v.).
experiential (adj.): 1640s (implied in experientially), from Latin experientia "knowledge gained by testing or trials" (see experience (n.)) + -al (1).
experiment (n.): mid-14c., "action of observing or testing; an observation, test, or trial;" also "piece of evidence or empirical proof; feat of magic or sorcery," from Old French esperment "practical knowledge, cunning; enchantment, magic spell; trial, proof, example; lesson, sign, indication," from Latin experimentum "a trial, test, proof, experiment," noun of action from experiri "to test, try" (see experience (n.)).
experiment (v.): late 15c., from experiment (n.). Intransitive sense by 1787. Related: Experimented; experimenting.
experimental (adj.): mid 15c., "having experience," from experiment (n.) + -al (1). Meaning "based on experiment" is from 1560s. Meaning "for the sake of experiment" is from 1792.
experimentation (n.): 1670s, noun of action from experiment (v.).
expert (adj.): late 14c., "having had experience; skillful," from Old French expert, espert "experienced, practiced, skilled" and directly from Latin expertus (contracted from *experitus), "tried, proved, known by experience," past participle of experiri "to try, test" (see experience). The adjective tends to be accented on the second syllable, the noun on the first. Related: Expertly; expertness.
expert (n.): early 15c., "person wise through experience," from expert (adj.). The word reappeared 1825 in the legal sense, "person who, by virtue of special acquired knowledge or experience on a subject, presumably not within the knowledge of men generally, may testify in a court of justice to matters of opinion thereon, as distinguished from ordinary witnesses, who can in general testify only to facts" [Century Dictionary].