英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

microcosm (n.)[microcosm 词源字典]: c. 1200, mycrocossmos (modern form from early 15c.), "human nature, man viewed as the epitome of creation," literally "miniature world," from Middle French microcosme and in earliest use directly from Medieval Latin microcosmus, from Greek mikros "small" (see mica) + kosmos "world" (see cosmos). General sense of "a community constituting a world unto itself" is attested from 1560s. Related: Microcosmic. A native expression in the same sense was petty world (c. 1600).[microcosm etymology, microcosm origin, 英语词源]
microeconomics (n.): 1948, from micro- + economics. Related: Microeconomic.
microelectronics (n.): 1960, from micro- + electronics.
microfiche (n.): 1950, from French microfiche, from micro- + French fiche "slip of paper" (see fiche).
microfilm (n.): 1927, coined from micro- + film (n.). The verb is first recorded 1940, from the noun. Related: Microfilmed; microfilming.
micrography (n.): 1650s, "description of microscopic objects," from micro- + -graphy. From 1899 as "art of writing in very small letters."
microinstruction (n.): 1959, from micro- + instruction.
micrology (n.): "hair splitting, exaggerated attention to petty things," 1650s, from Greek mikrologia "pettiness, care for trifles," from micros (see micro-) + -logia (see -logy).
micromanage (v.): by 1982, from micro- + manage (v.). Related: Micromanagement; micromanaged; micromanaging.
micromania (n.): 1879, "a form of mania in which the patient thinks himself, or some part of himself, to be reduced in size," from Greek mikros "small" (see mica) + mania. Also used in reference to insane self-belittling.
micrometer (n.): 1660s, from micro- + -meter. Originally a telescope attachment; from 1884 as a craftsman's fine measuring tool. Related: Micrometry; micrometric.
micron (n.): "one millionth of a meter," 1892, coined 1880 in French from Greek mikron, neuter of mikros "small" (see mica).
Micronesia: 1840, from Italian, literally "the region of small islands," Modern Latin, formed on model of Polynesia from micro- "small" (see micro-) + Greek nesos "island" (see Chersonese). Related: Micronesian.
microphone (n.): 1680s, "ear trumpet for the hard-of-hearing," coined from Greek mikros "small" (see mica) + phone "sound," from PIE root *bha- (2) "to speak, tell, say" (see fame (n.)). Modern meaning dates from 1929, from use in radio broadcasting and movie recording. Earlier, "amplifying telephone transmitter" (1878). Of the two spellings of the short form of the word, mike (1927) is older than mic (1961).
microprocessor (n.): 1970, from micro- + processor.
microscope (n.): 1650s, from Modern Latin microscopium, literally "an instrument for viewing what is small," from Greek micro- (see micro-) + -skopion, from skopein "to look, see" (see -scope).
microscopic (adj.): 1732, "like a microscope;" see microscope + -ic. Meaning "of minute size" is from 1760s. Related: Microscopical; microscopically.
microscopy (n.): 1660s, from microscope + -y (4).
microsecond (n.): 1906, from micro- + second (n.).
Microsoft: computer software company, founded 1975.