英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

mindful (adj.)[mindful 词源字典]: mid-14c., from mind (n.) + -ful. Related: Mindfully; mindfulness. Old English myndful meant "of good memory." Old English also had myndig (adj.) "mindful, recollecting; thoughtful," which if it had lived might have yielded a modern *mindy.[mindful etymology, mindful origin, 英语词源]
mindless (adj.): c. 1400, "unmindful, heedless, negligent," from mind (n.) + -less. Related: Mindlessly; mindlessness. Old English had myndleas "foolish, senseless."
mindset (n.): also mind-set, "habits of mind formed by previous experience," 1920, in educators' jargon, from mind (n.) + set (v.).
mine (pron.): Old English min "mine, my," (pronoun and adjective), from Proto-Germanic *minaz (cognates: Old Frisian, Old Saxon Old High German min, Middle Dutch, Dutch mijn, German mein, Old Norse minn, Gothic meins "my, mine"), from the base of me. Superseded as adjective beginning 13c. by my.
mine (n.1): "pit or tunnel in the earth for obtaining metals and minerals," c. 1300, from Old French mine "vein, lode; tunnel, shaft; mineral ore; mine" (for coal, tin, etc,), of uncertain origin, probably from a Celtic source (compare Welsh mwyn, Irish mein "ore, mine"), from Old Celtic *meini-. Italy and Greece were relatively poor in minerals, thus they did not contribute a word for this to English, but there was extensive mining from an early date in Celtic lands (Cornwall, etc.). From c. 1400 as "a tunnel under fortifications to overthrow them."
mine (v.2): "lay explosives," 1620s, in reference to old tactic of tunneling under enemy fortifications to blow them up; a specialized sense of mine (v.1) via a sense of "dig under foundations to undermine them" (late 14c.), and miner in this sense is attested from late 13c. Related: Mined; mining.
mine (v.1): to dig, c. 1300, "to tunnel under fortifications to overthrow them," from mine (n.1) or from Old French miner "to dig, mine; exterminate." From mid-14c. as "to dig in the earth" (for treasure, etc.). Figurative use from mid-14c. Related: Mined; mining.
mine (n.2): explosive device, by 1850, from mine (v.2).
mine-sweeper (n.): 1905, from mine (n.2) + agent noun from sweep (v.).
minefield (n.): 1877, from mine (n.2) + field (n.). Figurative use by 1947.
miner (n.): late 13c., from Old French minour (13c.), from miner "to mine" (see mine (n.1)).
mineral (n.): late 14c., "substance obtained by mining," from Medieval Latin minerale "something mined," noun use of neuter of mineralis "pertaining to mines," from minera "mine." Meaning "material substance that is neither animal nor vegetable" is first recorded c. 1600. Modern scientific sense is from 1813.
mineral (adj.): early 15c., "neither animal nor vegetable," from Old French mineral and directly from Medieval Latin mineralis (see mineral (n.)). Mineral water (early 15c.) originally was water found in nature with some mineral substance dissolved in it.
mineralogy (n.): 1680s, a hybrid from mineral (n.) + -logy or else from French minéralogie (1640s). Related: Mineralogist; mineralogical.
Minerva: ancient Roman goddess of arts, crafts, and sciences; wisdom, sense, and reflection (later identified with Greek Athene), late 14c., mynerfe, from Latin Minerva, from Old Latin Menerva, from *menes-wa, from PIE root *men- "mind, understanding, reason" (see mind (n.)). Compare Sanskrit Manasvini, name of the mother of the Moon, manasvin "full of mind or sense." Related: Minerval.
minestrone (n.): Italian vegetable soup, 1871, from Italian minestrone, with augmentative suffix -one + minestra "soup, pottage," literally "that which is served," from minestrare "to serve, to prepare (soup, etc.)," from Latin ministrare (see minister (v.)).
Ming: 1670s, dynasty which ruled China from 1368-1644, from Chinese, literally "bright, clear." In reference to the porcelain of the Ming period, attested from 1892.
minge (n.): "female pudendum," 1903, of unknown origin.
mingle (v.): mid-15c., "to bring together," frequentative of Middle English myngen "to mix," from Old English mengan (related to second element in among), from Proto-Germanic *mangjan "to knead together" (cognates: Old Saxon mengian, Old Norse menga, Old Frisian mendza, German mengen), from PIE *mag- "to knead, fashion, fit" (see macerate). The formation may have been suggested by cognate Middle Dutch mengelen. Of persons, "to join with others, be sociable" (intransitive), from c. 1600. Related: Mingled; mingling.
mini (n.): 1961, abbreviation of mini-car, a small car made by British Leyland (formerly British Motor Corp.). As an abbreviation of miniskirt, it is attested from 1966. The vogue for mini- as a prefix in English word coinage dates from c. 1960.