英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

obstacle (n.)[obstacle 词源字典]: mid-14c., from Old French obstacle, ostacle "opposition, obstruction, hindrance" (13c.) or directly from Latin obstaculum "a hindrance, obstacle," with instrumental suffix *-tlom + obstare "stand before, stand opposite to, block, hinder, thwart," from ob "against" (see ob-) + stare "to stand," from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet).
The lover thinks more often of reaching his mistress than the husband of guarding his wife; the prisoner thinks more often of escaping than the gaoler of shutting his door; and so, whatever the obstacles may be, the lover and the prisoner ought to succeed. [Stendhal, "Charterhouse of Parma"]
Obstacle course is attested from 1891.[obstacle etymology, obstacle origin, 英语词源]
obstetric (adj.): 1742, from Modern Latin obstetricus "pertaining to a midwife," from obstetrix (genitive obstetricis) "midwife," literally "one who stands opposite (the woman giving birth)," from obstare "stand opposite to" (see obstacle). The true adjective would be obstetricic, "but only pedantry would take exception to obstetric at this stage of its career." [Fowler]. Related: Obstetrical.
obstetrician (n.): 1828, from Latin obstetricia "midwifery," from obstetricus (see obstetric) on model of physician.
obstetrics (n.): "science of midwifery," 1819, from obstetric (adj.); also see -ics.
obstinacy (n.): late 14c., from Medieval Latin obstinatia, from obstinatus (see obstinate).
obstinance (n.): early 15c., from Medieval Latin obstinantia, from obstinantem, from obstinatus "resolved, determined, resolute" (see obstinate).
obstinate (adj.): mid-14c., from Latin obstinatus "resolute, resolved, determined, inflexible, stubborn," past participle of obstinare "persist, stand stubbornly, set one's mind on," from ob "by" (see ob-) + stinare (related to stare "stand") from PIE *ste-no-, from root *sta- "to stand" (see stet). Related: Obstinately.
obstipation (n.): 1590s, from Latin obstipationem (nominative obstipatio), noun of action from *obstipare "action of blocking or stopping up," from ob- (see ob-) + stipare "to press together, to pack" (see stiff (adj.)).
obstreperous (adj.): c. 1600, from Latin obstreperus "clamorous," from obstrepere "drown with noise, make a noise against, oppose noisily," from ob "against" (see ob-) + strepere "make a noise," from PIE *strep-, said to be imitative (compare Latin stertare "to snore," Old Norse þrapt "chattering," Old English þræft "quarrel"). Related: Obstreperously; obstreperousness.
obstruct (v.): 1610s, a back-formation from obstruction or else from Latin obstructus, past participle of obstruere "to block, to stop up" (see obstruction). Related: Obstructed; obstructing.
obstruction (n.): 1530s, from Latin obstructionem (nominative obstructio) "an obstruction, barrier, a building up," noun of action from past participle stem of obstruere "build up, block, block up, build against, stop, bar, hinder," from ob "against" (see ob-) + struere "to pile, build" (see structure (n.)).
obstructionism (n.): 1879, from obstruction + -ism.
obstructionist (n.): 1846, from obstruction + -ist.
obstructive (adj.): 1610s, from Latin obstruct-, past participle stem of obstruere (see obstruction) + -ive.
obtain (v.): early 15c., from Middle French obtenir "acquire, obtain" (14c.), from Latin obtinere "hold, hold fast, take hold of, get possession of, acquire," from ob "to" (though perhaps intensive in this case; see ob-) + tenere "to hold" (see tenet). Related: Obtained; obtaining.
obtainable (adj.): 1610s, from obtain + -able. Related: Obtainability.
obtrude (v.): 1550s, from Latin obtrudere "to thrust into, press upon," from ob "toward" (see ob-) + trudere "to thrust" (see extrusion). Related: Obtruded; obtruding.
obtrusion (n.): 1570s, from Latin obtrusionem (nominative obtrusio), noun of action from past participle stem of obtrudere (see obtrude).
obtrusive (adj.): 1660s, from Latin obtrus-, past participle stem of obtrudere (see obtrude) + -ive. Related: Obtrusively; obtrusiveness.
obtund (v.): c. 1400, (transitive) "to render dead, make dull," used occasionally in English, especially in medical jargon; from Latin obtundere "to blunt, make dull, weaken, exhaust," literally "to beat against" (see obtuse). Related: Obtundation; obtunded.