英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

Sigismund [Sigismund 词源字典]: masc. proper name, from German, literally "protection through victory," from Old High German sigu "victory" (see Siegfried) + munt "hand, protection," from PIE *man- "hand" (see manual (adj.)).[Sigismund etymology, Sigismund origin, 英语词源]
sigma: 18th letter of the Greek alphabet, corresponding to Latin S, a metathesis of Hebrew samekh. In uncial writing, shaped like an S or a C.
sigmatism (n.): 1888, "difficulty in pronouncing 'S,'" from comb. form of sigma + -ism. As "use or recurrence of 'S'" from 1889.
sigmoid (adj.): "shaped like a C" (1660s) or "shaped like an S" (1786), from sigma (q.v.) + -oid. Especially of the flexure of the colon (1891).
sigmoidoscopy (n.): 1896, from sigmoid + -scopy, with connective -o-.
sign (n.): early 13c., "gesture or motion of the hand," especially one meant to communicate something, from Old French signe "sign, mark," from Latin signum "identifying mark, token, indication, symbol; proof; military standard, ensign; a signal, an omen; sign in the heavens, constellation," according to Watkins, literally "standard that one follows," from PIE *sekw-no-, from root *sekw- (1) "to follow" (see sequel).

Ousted native token. Meaning "a mark or device having some special importance" is recorded from late 13c.; that of "a miracle" is from c. 1300. Zodiacal sense in English is from mid-14c. Sense of "characteristic device attached to the front of an inn, shop, etc., to distinguish it from others" is first recorded mid-15c. Meaning "token or signal of some condition" (late 13c.) is behind sign of the times (1520s). In some uses, the word probably is a shortening of ensign. Sign language is recorded from 1847; earlier hand-language (1670s).
sign (v.): c. 1300, "to make the sign of the cross," from Old French signier "to make a sign (to someone); to mark," from Latin signare "to set a mark upon, mark out, designate; mark with a stamp; distinguish, adorn;" figuratively "to point out, signify, indicate," from signum (see sign (n.)). Sense of "to mark, stamp" is attested from mid-14c.; that of "to affix one's name" is from late 15c. Meaning "to communicate by hand signs" is recorded from 1700. Related: Signed; signing.
sign-in (n.): 1968, from the verbal phrase; see sign (v.) + in (adv.).
sign-up (n.): "number who have signed up," 1926, from the verbal phrase; see sign (v.) + up (adv.).
signage (n.): 1972, in reference to signs on roads or outside stores, from sign (n.) + -age. Earlier in legal language with reference to affixing signatures.
signal (n.): late 14c., "visible sign, indication," from Old French signal, seignal "seal, imprint, sign, mark," from Medieval Latin signale "a signal," from Late Latin signalis (adj.) "used as a signal, pertaining to a sign," from Latin signum "signal, sign" (see sign (n.)). Restricted sense "agreed-upon sign (to commence or desist, etc.) is from 1590s. Meaning "modulation of an electric current" is from 1855.
signal (v.): 1805, "to make signals to," from signal (n.). Related: Signaled; signaling. Earlier verb was signalize (1650s).
signal (adj.): "remarkable, striking, notable" ("serving as a sign"), 1640s, from French signalé, past participle of signaler "to distinguish, signal" (see signal (n.)).
signatory (adj.): 1640s, "used in sealing," from Latin signatorius "of sealing," from signatus, past participle of signare "to sign" (see sign (v.)). Noun sense of "one who signs" (a treaty, etc.) first recorded 1866.
signature (n.): 1530s, a kind of document in Scottish law, from Middle French signature (16c.) or directly from Medieval Latin signatura "signature, a rescript," in classical Latin "the matrix of a seal," from signatus, past participle of signare "to mark with a stamp, sign" (see sign (v.)).

Meaning "one's own name written in one's own hand" is from 1570s, replacing sign-manual (early 15c.) in this sense. Musical sense of "signs placed it the beginning of a staff to indicate the key and rhythm" is from 1806. Meaning "a distinguishing mark of any kind" is from 1620s.
signboard (n.): also sign-board, 1630s, from sign (n.) + board (n.1).
signee (n.): 1953, from sign (v.) + -ee.
signer (n.): 1610s, agent noun from sign (v.). In American history, with reference to the Declaration of Independence, by 1865.
signet (n.): late 14c., "small seal" (especially one on a finger ring), from Old French signet "a small seal," diminutive of signe "sign" (see sign (n.)).
significance (n.): c. 1400, "meaning," from Old French significance or directly from Latin significantia "meaning, force, energy," from significans, present participle of significare "to mean, import, signify" (see signify). The earlier word was signifiance (mid-13c.). Meaning "importance" is from 1725. Related: Significancy.