英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

schnozz (n.)[schnozz 词源字典]: "nose," 1942, from Yiddish shnoitsl, from German Schnauze "snout" (see schnauzer).[schnozz etymology, schnozz origin, 英语词源]
scholar (n.): Old English scolere "student," from Medieval Latin scholaris, noun use of Late Latin scholaris "of a school," from Latin schola (see school (n.1)). Greek scholastes meant "one who lives at ease." The Medieval Latin word was widely borrowed (Old French escoler, French écolier, Old High German scuolari, German Schüler). The modern English word might be a Middle English reborrowing from French. Fowler points out that in British English it typically has been restricted to those who attend a school on a scholarship.
scholarly (adj.): 1630s, from scholar + -ly (1). Related: Scholarliness.
scholarship (n.): 1530s, "status of a scholar," from scholar + -ship. Meaning "learning, erudition" is from 1580s; sense of "source of funds for support or maintenance of a scholar" is from 1580s.
scholastic (adj.): 1590s, "of or pertaining to Scholastic theologians" (Churchmen in the Middle Ages whose theology and philosophy was based on Church Fathers and Aristotle), from Middle French scholastique (14c.), from Latin scholasticus "of a school," from Greek skholastikos "enjoying leisure; devoting one's leisure to learning," hence, as a noun, "a scholar," also in a bad sense, "a pedant; a simpleton," from skhola (see school (n.1)). In English, meaning "pertaining to schools or to school education" is from 1640s. As a noun from 1640s. Related: Scholastical (1530s in the "relating to a school" sense); scholastically.
Scholasticism (n.): 1732, from scholastic + -ism.
scholiast (n.): "one who writes explanatory notes upon a classical writer," 1580s, from Late Latin scholiasta, from Late Greek skholiastes, from skholiazein, from skholion "explanatory note or comment," from skhole (see school (n.1)). Related: Scholiastic.
school (n.1): "place of instruction," Old English scol, from Latin schola "intermission of work, leisure for learning; learned conversation, debate; lecture; meeting place for teachers and students, place of instruction; disciples of a teacher, body of followers, sect," from Greek skhole "spare time, leisure, rest ease; idleness; that in which leisure is employed; learned discussion;" also "a place for lectures, school;" originally "a holding back, a keeping clear," from skhein "to get" (from PIE root *segh- "to hold, hold in one's power, to have;" see scheme (n.)) + -ole by analogy with bole "a throw," stole "outfit," etc.

The original notion is "leisure," which passed to "otiose discussion" (in Athens or Rome the favorite or proper use for free time), then "place for such discussion." The Latin word was widely borrowed (Old French escole, French école, Spanish escuela, Italian scuola, Old High German scuola, German Schule, Swedish skola, Gaelic sgiol, Welsh ysgol, Russian shkola). Translated in Old English as larhus, literally "lore house," but this seems to have been a glossary word only.

Meaning "students attending a school" in English is attested from c. 1300; sense of "school building" is first recorded 1590s. Sense of "people united by a general similarity of principles and methods" is from 1610s; hence school of thought (1864). School of hard knocks "rough experience in life" is recorded from 1912 (in George Ade); to tell tales out of school "betray damaging secrets" is from 1540s. School bus is from 1908. School days is from 1590s. School board from 1870.
school (n.2): "group of fish," c. 1400, from Middle Dutch schole (Dutch school) "group of fish or other animals," cognate with Old English scolu "band, troop, crowd of fish," from West Germanic *skulo- (cognates: Old Saxon scola "troop, multitude," West Frisian skoal), perhaps with a literal sense of "division," from PIE root *(s)kel- (1) "to cut, divide" (see scale (n.1)). Compare shoal (n.2)). For possible sense development, see section from Latin secare "to cut."
school (v.1): "to educate; to reprimand, to discipline," mid-15c., from school (n.1). Related: Schooled; schooling.
school (v.2): "collect or swim in schools," 1590s, from school (n.2). Related: Schooled; schooling.
school-book (n.): also schoolbook, 1745, from school (n.1) + book (n.).
schoolboy (n.): 1580s, from school (n.1) + boy. As an adjective from 1874. Related: Schoolboyish.
schooled (adj.): "taught, trained, disciplined," 1821, past participle adjective from school (v.1).
schoolgirl (n.): 1777, from school (n.1) + girl. As an adjective from 1922.
schooling (n.): mid-15c. "act of teaching; fact of being taught," verbal noun from school (v.1).
schoolmarm (n.): also school-marm, "female school teacher," 1834, American English colloquial, in countrified humor writing of "Major Jack Downing" of Maine (Seba Smith); variant of school-ma'am (1828), American English, from school (n.1) + ma'am. See R. Used figuratively from 1887 in reference to patronizing and priggish instruction.
schoolroom (n.): 1773, from school (n.1) + room (n.).
schooner (n.): fore-and-aft rigged vessel, originally with only two masts, 1716, perhaps from a New England verb related to Scottish scon "to send over water, to skip stones." Skeat relates this dialectal verb to shunt. Spelling probably influenced by Dutch, but Dutch schoener is a loan-word from English, as are German Schoner, French schooner, Swedish skonert. Said to have originated in Gloucester, Mass., shipyard.
The rig characteristic of a schooner has been defined as consisting essentially of two gaff sails, the after sail not being smaller than the fore, and a head sail set on a bowsprit. [OED]
Meaning "tall beer glass" is from 1879, of unknown origin or connection.
schottische (n.): round dance resembling a polka, 1849, from German Schottische, from schottische (tanz) "Scottish (dance)," from Schotte "a native of Scotland," from Old High German Scotto, from Late Latin Scottus (see Scot). The pronunciation is French.