英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

urbanization (n.)[urbanization 词源字典]: 1888, noun of action from urbanize.[urbanization etymology, urbanization origin, 英语词源]
urbanize (v.): 1640s, "to make more civil;" 1884 "to make into a city," from urban + -ize; in the latter sense from French urbaniser (1873). Related: Urbanized; urbanizing.
urceolate (adj.): 1760, with -ate (1) + Latin urceolus, diminutive of urceus "pitcher," of uncertain origin (see urn).
urchin (n.): c. 1300, yrichon "hedgehog," from Old North French *irechon (cognates: Picard irechon, Walloon ireson, Hainaut hirchon), from Old French herichun "hedgehog" (Modern French hérisson), formed with diminutive suffix -on + Vulgar Latin *hericionem, from Latin ericius "hedgehog," enlarged form of er, originally *her, from PIE root *ghers- "to bristle" (cognates: Greek kheros "hedgehog;" see horror).

Still used for "hedgehog" in non-standard speech in Cumbria, Yorkshire, Shropshire. Applied throughout 16c. to people whose appearance or behavior suggested hedgehogs, from hunchbacks (1520s) to goblins (1580s) to bad girls (1530s); meaning "poorly or raggedly clothed youngster" emerged 1550s, but was not in frequent use until after c. 1780. Sea urchin is recorded from 1590s (a 19c. Newfoundland name for them was whore's eggs); Johnson describes it as "a kind of crabfish that has prickles instead of feet."
Urdu: official language of Pakistan, 1796, from Hindustani urdu "camp," from Turkish ordu (source of horde); short for zaban-i-urdu "language of the camp." Compare Dzongkha, a variant of Tibetan and the official language of Bhutan, literally "the language of the fortress." "So named because it grew up since the eleventh century in the camps of the Mohammedan conquerors of India as a means of communication between them and the subject population of central Hindustan." [Century Dictionary]
ure (n.): "effect, operation, practice," early 15c., from Old French uevre (13c., Modern French oeuvre), from Latin opera (see opera).
urea (n.): compound found in the urine of animals, 1806, Latinized from French urée (1803), from Greek ouron "urine" (see urine).
uremia (n.): 1857, Modern Latin, from Latinized form of Greek ouron "urine" (see urine) + haima "blood" (see -emia) + abstract noun ending -ia.
ureter (n.): 1570s, from medical Latin ureter, from Greek oureter "urinary duct of the kidneys," from ourein "to urinate," from ouron (see urine). Related: Ureteral.
urethane (n.): 1838, from French uréthane (1833), coined by Dumas, apparently from urea + ether + -ane as a generic chemical suffix.
urethra (n.): "canal through which urine is discharged from the bladder," 1630s, from Late Latin urethra, from Greek ourethra "the passage for urine," coined by Hippocrates from ourein "to urinate," from ouron (see urine). Related: Urethral.
urethritis (n.): 1823, medical Latin, from urethra + -itis "inflammation."
uretic (adj.): 1849, from Late Latin ureticus, from Greek ouretikos, from ourein (see urine).
urge (v.): 1550s, from Latin urgere "to press hard, push forward, force, drive, compel, stimulate," from PIE root *wreg- "to push, shove, drive" (cognates: Lithuanian verziu "tie, fasten, squeeze," vargas "need, distress," vergas "slave;" Old Church Slavonic vragu "enemy;" Gothic wrikan "persecute," Old English wrecan "drive, hunt, pursue"). Related: Urged; urging.
urge (n.): 1610s, "act of urging," from urge (v.). Marked as "rare" in Century Dictionary (1902); "in frequent use from c. 1910" [OED].
urgency (n.): 1530s, probably from urgent + -cy.
urgent (adj.): mid-15c., from Middle French urgent "pressing, impelling" (14c.), from Latin urgentem (nominative urgens), present participle of urgere "to press hard, urge" (see urge (v.)). Related: Urgently.
Uriah: masc. proper name, in Old Testament, the Hittite husband of Bathsheba; of non-Hebrew (possibly Horite) origin, but explained by folk etymology as Hebrew Uriyyah, literally "flame of the Lord." Uriah Heep, character from Dickens' "David Copperfield" (1850) sometimes is invoked as the type of a hypocritically humble person.
uric (adj.): "pertaining to or obtained from urine," 1797, from French urique, from urine (see urine). Uric acid attested from 1800.
urinal (n.): c. 1200, "glass vial to receive urine for medical inspection," from Old French urinal, from Late Latin urinal, from urinalis (adj.) "relating to urine," from Latin urina (see urine). Meaning "chamber pot" is from late 15c. Modern sense of "fixture for urinating (for men)" is attested from 1851.