英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

vellum (n.)[vellum 词源字典]: early 15c., from Old French velin "parchment made from calfskin" (13c.), from vel, veel "calf" (see veal).[vellum etymology, vellum origin, 英语词源]
velocipede (n.): 1819, "wheeled vehicle propelled by alternate thrusts of each foot on the ground," 1819, from French vélocipède (19c.), from Latin velox (genitive velocis) "swift, speedy" (see velocity) + pedem, accusative of pes "foot," from PIE root *ped- (1) "a foot" (see foot (n.)). The mechanical ancestor of the bicycle, it was tinkered with and improved; the name continued for some time and was applied to an early kind of modern bicycle or tricycle from 1849. See bicycle (n.).
The Velocipede has been introduced into England, under letters patent, by Mr. Johnson, a coachmaker in Long-Acre, by whom it has been greatly improved, both in lightness and strength. "The road from Ipswich to Whitton," says the Bury paper, "is travelled every evening by several pedestrian hobby-horses; no less than six are seen at a time, and the distance, which is 3 miles, is performed in 15 minutes." ["The Athenaeum," May 1, 1819]
velociraptor (n.): 1924, from Latin velox (genitive velocis) "swift, speedy" (see velocity) + raptor "robber" (see raptor). Fossil remains discovered in 1923 in the red Djadochta sandstone at Shabarakh Usu in Mongolia.
The first (Fig. 1) of the typical megalosaurian type, although of small size, seems to have been an alert, swift-moving carnivorous dinosaur to which the generic name Velociraptor is applied. [Henry Fairfield Osborn, "Three New Therapoda, Protoceratops Zone, Central Mongolia," in "American Museum Novitates," Nov., 7, 1924]
velocity (n.): early 15c., from Latin velocitatem (nominative velocitas) "swiftness, speed," from velox (genitive velocis) "swift, speedy, rapid, quick," of uncertain origin, perhaps related to vehere "carry" (see vehicle), or from the same root as vigil.
velodrome (n.): "building for bicycle races," 1892, from French vélodrome, from vélo, colloquial abbreviation of vélocipède (see velocipede) + -drome, as in hippodrome.
velour (n.): 1706, also velure, velours, from French velours "velvet," from Old French velor, alteration of velos "velvet," from Old Provençal velos, from Latin villosus (adj.) "shaggy, hairy, rough" (in Medieval Latin "velvet"), from villus "shaggy hair, tuft of hair" (see velvet).
Velox (n.): type of photographic print paper made by a process patented 1893 by Leo Baekeland, who sold it to George Eastman in 1899 for $1 million and used the money to build the laboratory where he made great discoveries in plastics (see Bakelite).
velum (n.): "the soft palate," 1771, from Latin velum "a sail, awning, curtain, covering" (see veil (n.)).
velvet (n.): early 14c., probably from Old Provençal veluet, from Vulgar Latin *villutittus, diminutive of Vulgar Latin *villutus "velvet," literally "shaggy cloth," from Latin villus "shaggy hair, nap of cloth, tuft of hair," probably a dialectal variant of vellus "fleece," from PIE *wel-no-, suffixed form of root *wel- (4) "to tear, pull" (see svelte).
velveteen (n.): imitation velvet (made with cotton in place of silk), 1776, from velvet + commercial suffix -een (variant of -ine).
velvety (adj.): 1712, from velvet + -y (2). Related: Velvetiness.
ven.: abbreviation of venerable.
vena cava (n.): Medical Latin, from Latin vena "vein" (see vein) + cava, from cavus "hollow" (see cave (n.)).
venal (adj.): 1650s, "capable of being obtained for a price; that can be corrupted;" 1660s, "offered for sale," from French vénal, Old French venel "for sale" (of prostitutes, etc.; 12c.), from Latin venalis "for sale, to be sold; capable of being bribed," from venum (nominative *venus) "for sale," from PIE root *wes- (1) "to buy, sell" (cognates: Sanskrit vasnah "purchase money," vasnam "reward," vasnayati "he bargains, haggles;" Greek onos "price paid, purchase," oneisthai "to buy"). Typically with a bad sense of "ready to sell one's services or influence for money and from sordid motives; to be bought basely or meanly."
venality (n.): 1610s, from French vénalité or directly from Late Latin venalitatem (nominative venalitas) "capability of being bought," from Latin venalis "capable of being bought" (see venal).
venation (n.): "arrangement of veins," 1640s, of plant structures, noun of state from Latin vena "vein" (see vein). Related: Venational.
vend (v.): 1620s, from Latin vendere "to sell, give for a bribe; praise, cry up," contraction of venumdare "offer for sale," from venum "for sale" (see venal) + dare "to give" (see date (n.1)). Related: Vended; vending; vendible (early 14c.). Vending machine is recorded from 1889.
vendee (n.): "person to whom something is sold," 1540s; see vend (v.) + -ee.
Vendee: department of western France, French Vendée, named for the river through it, which is perhaps from Gaulish vindos "white." Especially in reference to the insurrection there against the Republic in 1793. Related: Vendean.
vender (n.): 1590s, agent noun in native form from vend (v.).