词根词缀：esophag-, esophago-

【来源及含义】Greek: gullet, throat [passage from the mouth to the stomach], that which carries food; the path along which food travels from the mouth to the stomach

【相关描述】 Here is a special article about the Neck and Throat.

【相关词根词缀】 Related "eat, eating" word units: brycho-; esculent-; glutto-; phago-; vor-. Cross references related to "neck, throat" word families: cervic-; coll-; guttur-; laryng-; nuch-; trachel-. Cross references of word families that are related directly, or indirectly, to: "food, nutrition, nourishment": alimento-; broma-; carno-; cibo-; esculent-; sitio-; tropho-; Eating Crawling Snacks; Eating: Carnivorous-Plant "Pets"; Eating: Folivory or Leaf Eaters; Eating: Omnivorous.

【同源单词】azygoesophageal, circumesophagal, esophagalgia, esophagalia, esophageal, esophagectasia

词根词缀：-esque

【来源及含义】from Proto-Germanic -iskaz, Vulgar Latin -iscus, Italian -esco, and then French -esque: a suffix forming adjuectives and indicating "resemblance, style, manner, or distinctive character, etc., of"

【同源单词】arabesque, arboresque, Bunyanesque, burlesque, centauresque, gigantesque

词根词缀：-ess

【来源及含义】Greek -issa > Late Latin -issa > Old French -esse > Middle English -esse: a suffix that forms nouns meaning a female +++, as in lioness, tigress, heiress, hostess, and sculptress

【相关描述】When -ess is added to a noun ending in -tor, -ter, the vowel before r is generally elided (eliminated or left out), as in actress (actor + -ess); and such a derivative with the ending -tress (often equivalent to French ) is usually considered a reduced form of Latin -trix, -tricem and popularly regarded as the equivalent of -tor + -ess.

In Middle English many words in -esse were adopted from French; such as, countess, duchess, mistress, and princess, or formed on nouns in -er; such as, enchantress and sorceress.

The suffix -ess is diminishing from English usage, with trends or tendencies toward avoiding any unnecessary references to gender or sexual categorizing (feminine or masculine.

The suffixes -er and -or are no longer gender-specific in modern English: an author or manager, like a doctor or writer, may be male or female, so the words authoress and manageress are considered redundant.

Some -ess words remain in use; for example, heiress and actress, although actor is being used more often now for both men and women.

【同源单词】actress, adulteress, adventuress, ancestress, auditress, aviatress

词根词缀：esse, sent-, terest-

【来源及含义】Latin: to be

【同源单词】absence, Absens haeres non erit, absent, absente febre, absente reo, absentee

词根词缀：estim-

【来源及含义】Latin: to value; to appraise; to assess

【同源单词】aim, aimless, aimlessly, esteem, estimable, estimableness

词根词缀：estiv-, aestiv-; estuar-, aestuar-

【来源及含义】Latin: pertaining to summer; heat, fire; the ebb and flow of the sea, tide

【同源单词】aestus, estival, estivate, estivation, estrus, estuarial

词根词缀：-et

【来源及含义】French: a suffix; small

【同源单词】booklet, eaglet, floweret, giblet, leaflet, owlet

词根词缀：ethero-, ether-, aethero-, aether-, aither-

【来源及含义】Greek > Latin: burn, shine, to kindle; light up; the heavens; the upper air, the sky

【相关词根词缀】 Etymologically related "light, shine, glow" word families: fulg-; luco-; lumen-, lum-; luna, luni-; lustr-; phengo-; pheno-; phospho-; photo-; scinti-, scintill-; splendo-. Cross references of word groups that are related, directly, indirectly, or partly to: "fire, burn, glow, or ashes": ars-, ard-; -bust; cand-, cend-; caust-, caut-; crema-; ciner-; flagr-; flam-; focus, foci-; fulg-; gehenna-; ign-; phleg-; phlog-; pyreto-, -pyrexia; pyr-; spod- (ashes; waste); volcan-.

【同源单词】ether, ether lavage, etherated, ethereal, ethereality, etherealization

词根词缀：ethm-, ethmo-

【来源及含义】Greek: strainer, sieve

【同源单词】dacryocystoethmoidostomy, esoethmoid sinus, esoethmoiditis, ethmoid, ethmoidectomy, ethmoiditis

词根词缀：ethno-, ethn-

【来源及含义】Greek: people, race, tribe, nation; group of people living together; community, family

【相关词根词缀】Related "people, human" word units: anthropo-; demo-; ochlo-; popu-; publi-.

【同源单词】ethnagogue, ethnarch, ethnarchy, ethnic, ethnically, ethnicism