英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

ad extremum [ad extremum 词源字典]: "To the ultimate extent or degree; excessively", Mid 17th cent.; earliest use found in John Sadler (1615–1674), political theorist and reformer. From classical Latin ad extremum at or to the end from ad at, to + extrēmum (accusative), use as noun of neuter of extrēmus.[ad extremum etymology, ad extremum origin, 英语词源]
albugineous: " Anatomy . Designating a layer of dense white connective tissue, specifically the tunica albuginea of the testis, ovary, etc", Early 17th cent.; earliest use found in Helkiah Crooke (1576–1648), physician and anatomist. From post-classical Latin albugineus designating a humour (the aqueous humour) within the eye from classical Latin albūgin-, albūgō + -eus: see -eous) + -ous.
acyrology: "Incorrect use of language", Early 17th cent.; earliest use found in William Barlow. From post-classical Latin acyrologia incorrect use of language from Hellenistic Greek ἀκυρολογία from ancient Greek ἀ- + κῦρος authority + -λογία.
acanthaceous: "Of the nature of an acanthus; (in later use) specifically belonging to or characteristic of the family Acanthaceae, comprising chiefly tropical shrubs and vines and having the genus Acanthus as the type genus", Mid 18th cent.; earliest use found in Ephraim Chambers (?1680–1740), encyclopaedist. From post-classical Latin acanthaceus + -ous.
abiology: "The study of inanimate nature; science other than biology or the life sciences", Late 19th cent. From a- + biology, in later use after German Abiologie.
arboriculture: "The cultivation of trees and shrubs", Early 19th century: from Latin arbor 'tree' + culture, on the pattern of words such as agriculture.
ampelographer: "An expert in the study and classification of cultivated varieties of grape", Late 19th century: via French from Greek ampelos 'vine' + -grapher.
Africanthropus: "Any of several extinct fossil hominids of the former genus or subgenus Africanthropus, known from Pleistocene fossil remains found in South and East Africa, and now regarded as various archaic forms of Homo sapiens", 1930s; earliest use found in Man: a monthly record of anthropological science. From scientific Latin Africanthropus, former genus name, originally coined as a subgenus of Homo from classical Latin Āfrica, the name of Africa + scientific Latin -anthropus.
acrocentric: "Of a chromosome: having the centromere close to one end, so that one arm is much shorter than the other Compare metacentric, telocentric", 1940s. From acro- + -centric.
average Joe: "The (or an) ordinary man; = Everyman", 1940s; earliest use found in The Oakland Tribune.
axil: "The upper angle between a leaf stalk or branch and the stem or trunk from which it is growing", Late 18th century: from Latin axilla 'armpit' (see axilla).
Ayurveda: "The traditional Hindu system of medicine (incorporated in Atharva Veda, the last of the four Vedas), which is based on the idea of balance in bodily systems and uses diet, herbal treatment, and yogic breathing", From Sanskrit āyus 'life' + veda '(sacred) knowledge'.
agamist: "A person who is unmarried", Late 16th cent.; earliest use found in John Foxe (?1517–1587), martyrologist. From ancient Greek ἄγαμος unmarried + -ist.
acclivous: "Rising with a slope; sloping (especially steeply) upward, ascending", Mid 18th cent.; earliest use found in Nathan Bailey (d. 1742), lexicographer and schoolmaster. From classical Latin acclīvus acclive + -ous. Compare earlier acclive, acclivity.
absterge: "To wipe away; to wipe clean, cleanse", Early 16th cent.; earliest use found in The Grete Herball. From Middle French, French absterger to wipe clean, to wipe off (e.g. the infected matter from a wound) or its etymon classical Latin abstergēre to wipe clean, to wipe off, to wipe away from abs + tergēre to wipe.
archaea: "Microorganisms which are similar to bacteria in size and simplicity of structure but radically different in molecular organization. They are now believed to constitute an ancient group which is intermediate between the bacteria and eukaryotes", Modern Latin (plural), from Greek arkhaios 'primitive'.
affirmance: "Confirmation, corroboration; an instance of this. Frequently in in affirmance (of something)", Late Middle English. From Anglo-Norman affermaunce, affirmaunce, Anglo-Norman and Middle French affermance, affirmance action or act of affirming, assertion, confirmation, corroboration, (of a law, verdict, etc.) ratification, confirmation from affermer, affirmer + -ance.
allopatric speciation: "The evolution of one or more new species from an ancestral species that becomes split into geographically separate populations which diverge genetically over a period of time", 1940s; earliest use found in American Naturalist.
abulia: "An absence of willpower or an inability to act decisively, a symptom of schizophrenia or other mental illness", Mid 19th century: coined from a-¹ 'without' + Greek boulē 'the will'.
attaint: "Subject (someone) to attainder", Middle English (in the sense 'touch, reach, attain'): from obsolete attaint (adjective), from Old French ataint, ateint, past participle of ateindre 'bring to justice' (see attain); influenced in meaning by taint.