英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

erector (n.)[erector 词源字典]: 1530s, "one who builds," agent noun in Latin form from erect (v.). In reference to muscles from 1831. The children's buildig kit Erector (commonly known as an Erector set) was sold from 1913.[erector etymology, erector origin, 英语词源]
eremite (n.): c. 1200, learned form of hermit (q.v.) based on Church Latin eremita. Since mid-17c. in poetic or rhetorical use only, except in reference to specific persons in early Church history. Related: Eremitic; eremitical.
Erewhon (n.): "utopia," from title of a book published 1872 by British author Samuel Butler (1835-1902), a partial reversal of nowhere.
erg (n.1): unit of energy in the C.G.S. system, coined 1873 by the British Association for the Advancement of Science, from Greek ergon "work" (see organ).
erg (n.2): "region of drifting sand dunes," 1875, from French erg (1854), from North African Arabic 'irj, from a Berber word.
ergative (adj.): 1943, in reference to grammatical case used for the subjects of transitive verbs (in Eskimo, Basque, Caucasian languages), from Greek ergatos "workman," from comb. form of ergos "work" (see organ) + -ive.
ergo (conj.): c. 1400, from Latin ergo "therefore, in consequence of," possibly from *ex rogo "from the direction," from ex "out of" (see ex-) + root of regere "to guide" (see regal). Used in logic to introduce the conclusion of a complete and necessary syllogism.
ergonomics (n.): "scientific study of the efficiency of people in the workplace," coined 1950 from Greek ergon "work" (see organ) + second element of economics.
ergophobia (n.): "fear of work," 1905, coined by British medical man Dr. William Dunnett Spanton, from comb. form of Greek ergos "work" (see organ) + -phobia "fear."
Mr. W.D. Spanton (Leeds) considered that the most prominent causes of physical degeneration were--efforts to rear premature and diseased infants, absurd educational high pressure, cigarette smoking in the younger generation, and late hours at night; in fact, the love of pleasure and ergophobia in all classes of society. He considered that there was too much cheap philanthropy, that life was made too easy for the young poor, and that by modern educational methods proper parental discipline was rendered almost impossible. [report on the 73rd annual meeting of the British Medical Association, "Nature," Aug. 3, 1905]
ergot (n.): fungal disease of rye and other grasses, 1680s, from French ergot "ergot," also "a spur, the extremity of a dead branch," from Old French argot "cock's spur" (12c.), which is of unknown origin. The blight so called from the shape the fungus forms on the diseased grain. Related: Ergotic. An alkaloid from the fungus, ergotamine (1921) is used to treat migraines.
ergotism (n.): "disease caused by eating ergot-infected breadstuffs," 1816; see ergot + -ism.
Eric: masc. proper name, from Old Norse Eirikr, literally "honored ruler," from Proto-Germanic *aiza- "honor" + *rik- "ruler" (see regal). The German form is Erich.
Erica: fem. proper name, feminine form of Eric. The plant genus is Modern Latin, from Greek ereike "heath."
Erie: one of the Great Lakes, named for a native Iroquoian people who lived nearby, from French Erie, shortening of Rhiienhonons, said to mean "raccoon nation," perhaps in reference to a totemic animal. Related: Erian.
erigible (adj.): "capable of being erected," 1785, from stem of Latin erigere (see erect (adj.)).
Erin: ancient name of Ireland, from Old English Erinn, dative of Eriu "Ireland" (see Irish). As a girl's name in U.S., rare before 1954, popular 1976-1985.
Erinys (n.): (plural Erinyes), one of the three avenging spirits (Alecto, Tisiphone, Megaera) in Greek religion, identified with the Furies, of unknown origin, perhaps "the angry spirit" (compare Arcadian erinein "to be angry," Greek orinein "to raise, stir, excite," eris "strife, discord"). Related: Erinnic; Erinnical (1610s).
Eris: goddess of discord in Greek mythology, from Greek eris "strife, discord," which is of uncertain origin. Watkins suggests PIE root *ere- (3) "to separate, adjoin." Related: Eristic.
Eritrea: named 1890 when it was an Italian colony, ultimately from Mare Erythreum, Roman name of the Red Sea, from Greek Erythre Thalassa, literally "Red Sea" (which to the Greeks also included the Gulf of Arabia and the Indian Ocean), from erythros "red" (see red (1)).
Erl-king (n.): 1797, in Scott's translation of Goethe, from German Erl-könig, fiend who haunts the depths of forests in German and Scandinavian poetic mythology, literally "alder-king;" according to OED, Herder's erroneous translation of Danish ellerkonge "king of the elves." Compare German Eller, Erle "alder" (see alder).