英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

heave (n.)[heave 词源字典]: 1570s, from heave (v.). Meaning "a dismissal" is from 1944.[heave etymology, heave origin, 英语词源]
heaven (n.): Old English heofon "home of God," earlier "sky, firmament," probably from Proto-Germanic *hibin-, dissimilated from *himin- (cognates Low German heben, Old Norse himinn, Gothic himins, Old Frisian himul, Dutch hemel, German Himmel "heaven, sky"), perhaps from a PIE root *kem- "to cover" (also proposed as the source of chemise). [Watkins derives it elaborately from PIE *ak- "sharp" via *akman- "stone, sharp stone," then "stony vault of heaven"].

Plural use in sense of "sky" is probably from Ptolemaic theory of space composed of many spheres, but it also formerly was used in the same sense as the singular in Biblical language, as a translation of Hebrew plural shamayim. Heaven-sent (adj.) attested from 1640s.
heavenly (adj.): Old English heofonlic "celestial; chaste;" see heaven + -ly (1). Meaning "beautiful, divinely lovely" is late 14c., often (though not originally) with reference to the celestial "music of the spheres;" weakened sense of "excellent, enjoyable" is first recorded 1874. The heavenly bodies (stars, planets, etc.) attested from late 14c. Related: Heavenliness.
heavens (n.): "realm of the heavenly bodies," 1670s, from heaven.
heavily (adv.): Old English hefiglice "violently, intensely; sorrowfully; sluggishly," from hefig (see heavy) + -ly (2).
heaviness (n.): Old English hefigness "heaviness, weight; burden, affliction; dullness, torpor;" see heavy + -ness.
heavy (adj.): Old English hefig "heavy, having much weight; important, grave; oppressive; slow, dull," from Proto-Germanic *hafiga "containing something; having weight" (cognates: Old Saxon, Old High German hebig, Old Norse hofugr, Middle Dutch hevich, Dutch hevig), from PIE *kap- "to grasp" (see capable). Jazz slang sense of "profound, serious" is from 1937 but would have been comprehensible to an Anglo-Saxon. Heavy industry recorded from 1932. Heavy metal attested by 1839 in chemistry; in nautical jargon from at least 1744 in sense "large-caliber guns on a ship."
While we undervalue the nicely-balanced weight of broadsides which have lately been brought forward with all the grave precision of Cocker, we are well aware of the decided advantages of heavy metal. ["United Services Journal," London, 1830]
As a type of rock music, from 1972.
heavy (n.): mid-13c., "something heavy; heaviness," from heavy (adj.). Theatrical sense of "villain" is 1880.
heavy-duty (adj.): "durable, strong," 1914; see heavy (adj.) + duty.
heavy-handed (adj.): also heavyhanded, 1630s, originally "weary" or "clumsy;" from heavy (adj.) + -handed. Sense of "overbearing" is first recorded 1883.
heavyweight: noun and adjective, 1857 of horses; 1877 of fighters; from heavy (adj.) + weight. Figuratively, of importance, from 1928.
hebdomadal (adj.): 1610s, from Latin hebdomadalis, from hebdomas, from Greek hebdomas "the number seven; a period of seven (days)," from hepta "seven" (from PIE *septm; see seven) + -mos, suffix used to form ordinal numbers, cognate with Latin -mus. In later use as pedantic humor.
hebdomadally (adv.): "weekly," 1816, pedantic humor, from hebdomadal + -ly (2).
Hebe (1): c. 1600, Greek goddess of youth, daughter of Zeus and Hera, wife of Hercules, from Greek hebe "youth, youthful prime, strength of youth" (legally, "the time before manhood," in Athens 16, in Sparta 18), from PIE *yeg-wa- "power, youth, strength."
Hebe (2): derogatory word for "a Jew," 1932, shortened from Hebrew
hebephrenia (n.): "adolescent insanity," 1886, coined in Modern Latin by German psychiatrist Ewald Escker in 1871, from Greek hebe "youth" (see Hebe (1)) + phrene "mind" (see phreno-) + abstract noun ending -ia.
hebetude (n.): 1620s, from Latin hebetudo, noun of quality from hebes "blunt, dull," of unknown origin. Related: Hebetate (v.); hebetation; hebetudinous.
Hebraic (adj.): late 14c., from Old French hebraique and directly from Late Latin Hebraicus, from Greek Hebraikos, from Hebraios (see Hebrew).
Hebraism (n.): 1560s, "phrase or construction characteristic of the Hebrew language;" see Hebraic + -ism. Meaning "a quality or characteristic of the (biblical) Hebrew people" is from 1847.
Hebrew (adj.): late Old English, from Old French Ebreu, from Latin Hebraeus, from Greek Hebraios, from Aramaic 'ebhrai, corresponding to Hebrew 'ibhri "an Israelite," literally "one from the other side," in reference to the River Euphrates, or perhaps simply signifying "immigrant;" from 'ebher "region on the other or opposite side." The noun is c. 1200, "the Hebrew language;" late 14c. of persons, originally "a biblical Jew, Israelite."