英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

horseradish (n.)[horseradish 词源字典]: 1590s, Cochlearia armoricia; the common name preserves the once-common figurative sense of horse as "strong, large, coarse" (as in in obsolete horse mushroom, horse parsley, Old English horsminte "horse mint," etc.); also see radish.[horseradish etymology, horseradish origin, 英语词源]
horseshoe (n.): late 14c. (early 13c. as a proper name), from horse (n.) + shoe (n.). Horseshoes as another name for the game of quoits, attested by 1822.
HORSE-SHOES, the game of coits, or quoits--because sometimes actually played with horse-shoes. [John Trotter Brockett, "A Glossary of North Country Words," 1829]
The belief that finding a horseshoe by chance is lucky is attested from late 14c., and the practice of nailing one above a doorway to prevent a witch entering therein was common in London down to c. 1800. Of a type of bend in a river, 1770, American English. As a type of crab, from 1775.
horsetail (n.): c. 1400, from horse (n.) + tail (n.). As a kind of plant, from 1530s.
horsewoman (n.): 1560s, from horse (n.) + woman. See horseman.
horsy (adj.): 1590s, from horse (n.) + -y (2). Related: Horsiness.
hortative (adj.): c. 1600, from Latin hortativus, from past participle stem of hortari âto exhortâ (see hortatory).
hortatory (adj.): 1580s, from Middle French hortatoire and directly from Late Latin hortatorius "encouraging, cheering," from hortatus, past participle of hortari "exhort, encourage, urge, incite, instigate," intensive of horiri "urge, incite, encourage," from PIE root *gher- (5) "to like, want" (cognates: Old English giernan "to strive, desire, yearn;" Gothic gairnei "desire;" Greek khresthai "to lack, want; use, make use of," kharis "grace, favor," khairein "to rejoice, delight in;" Sanskrit haryati "finds pleasure, likes," harsate "is aroused;" Avestan zara "effort, aim;" Russian zhariti "awake desire, charm").
Hortense: fem. proper name, from Latin Hortensia, fem. of Hortensius, a Roman gens name, related to hortus "garden" (see yard (n.1)).
horticultural (adj.): 1778, from horticulture + -al (1).
horticulture (n.): 1670s, "cultivation of a garden," fabricated from Latin hortus "garden" (see yard (n.1)) + cultura (see culture); probably on model of agriculture. Famously punned upon by Dorothy Parker.
horticulturist (n.): 1818, from horticulture + -ist. Earlier was horticultist (1754).
Horus: 1851, Egyptian hawk-headed god, from Latin Horus, from Egyptian Hor, literally "the high-flying one."
hosanna: Old English osanna, via Latin and Greek from Hebrew hosha'na, probably a shortening of hoshi'ah-nna "save, we pray" (see Psalms cxviii:25), from imperative of y-sh- (compare yeshua "salvation, deliverance, welfare") + emphatic particle -na. Originally an appeal for deliverance; used in Christian Church as an ascription of praise, because when Jesus entered Jerusalem this was shouted by Galilean pilgrims in recognition of his messiahhood (Matt. xxi:9, 15, etc.).
hose (v.): c. 1300, "to furnish with stockings," from hose (n.). Meaning "to water down with a hose" is from 1889. Related: Hosed; hosing.
hose (n.): late Old English, hosa "covering for the leg," from Proto-Germanic *husan (cognates: Old Saxon, Old Norse hosa, Middle High German hose "covering for the leg," German Hose "trousers"), literally "covering," from PIE *(s)keu- "to cover, conceal" (see hide (n.1)). Old French hose, Old Spanish huesa are of Germanic origin. Sense of "flexible rubber tube for liquid" is first attested late 15c.
Hosea: masc. proper name, from Hebrew Hoshea, literally "salvation," from stem y-sh- "to save."
hoser (n.): "contemptible person," also hose-head, by 1982, a term popularized by the Canadian parody comic sketch "Great White North" with the fictional McKenzie Brothers on SCTV.
hosier (n.): late 14c., hosyere "hose-maker" (attested as a surname from late 12c.), from hose (n.) + -ier, French-influenced agent noun suffix.
hosiery (n.): stocking collectively, 1775, from hosier + -y (1). As "factory where hose is made," from 1803.
hospice (n.): 1818, "rest house for travelers," from French hospice (13c.), from Latin hospitium "guest house, hospitality," from hospes (genitive hospitis) "guest, host" (see host (n.1)). Sense of "home for the aged and terminally ill " is from 1893; hospice movement first attested 1979.