英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

macron (n.)[macron 词源字典]: "short horizontal line placed over a vowel to indicate length," 1827, from Greek makron, neuter of makros "long" (see macro-).[macron etymology, macron origin, 英语词源]
macropaedia (n.): 1974, introduced with the 15th edition of the "Encyclopaedia Britannica," from macro- + ending from encyclopaedia.
macrophage (n.): 1890, from macro- + -phage.
macrophotography (n.): 1863, from macro- + photography.
macroscopic (adj.): 1872, from macro- + ending from microscopic. Related: Macroscopical; macroscopically.
macrospore (n.): 1859, from macro- + spore (n.).
macula (n.): plural maculae, from Latin macula "spot, stain," used of various spots (sunspots, markings on minerals, etc.), of uncertain origin. Especially the macula lutea in the eye.
macular (adj.): 1822, from macula + -ar.
maculate (adj.): "spotted," late 15c., from Latin maculatus, past participle of maculare "to make spotted, to speckle," from macula "spot, stain" (see macula). Middle English also had maculation "sexual defilement, sinning" (late 15c.).
maculate (v.): early 15c., from Latin maculatus, past participle of maculare "to make spotted, to speckle," from macula "spot, stain" (see macula). Related: Maculated; maculating.
maculation (n.): mid-15c., from Latin maculationem (nominative maculatio), noun of action from past participle stem of maculare (see maculate).
macule (n.): "blemish, spot," late 15c., from Latin macula (see macula), perhaps via French macule.
mad (adj.): late 13c., from Old English gemædde (plural) "out of one's mind" (usually implying also violent excitement), also "foolish, extremely stupid," earlier gemæded "rendered insane," past participle of a lost verb *gemædan "to make insane or foolish," from Proto-Germanic *ga-maid-jan, demonstrative form of *ga-maid-az "changed (for the worse), abnormal" (cognates: Old Saxon gimed "foolish," Old High German gimeit "foolish, vain, boastful," Gothic gamaiþs "crippled, wounded," Old Norse meiða "to hurt, maim"), from intensive prefix *ga- + PIE *moito-, past participle of root *mei- (1) "to change" (cognates: Latin mutare "to change," mutuus "done in exchange," migrare "to change one's place of residence;" see mutable).

Emerged in Middle English to replace the more usual Old English word, wod (see wood (adj.)). Sense of "beside oneself with excitement or enthusiasm" is from early 14c. Meaning "beside oneself with anger" is attested from early 14c., but deplored by Rev. John Witherspoon (1781) as an Americanism. It now competes in American English with angry for this sense. Of animals, "affected with rabies," from late 13c. Phrase mad as a March hare is attested from 1520s, via notion of breeding season; mad as a hatter is from 1829 as "demented," 1837 as "enraged," according to a modern theory supposedly from erratic behavior caused by prolonged exposure to poison mercuric nitrate, used in making felt hats. For mad as a wet hen see hen. Mad money is attested from 1922; mad scientist is from 1891.
mad (adv.): late 14c., from mad (adj.).
Madagascar: large island off the east coast of Africa, from Mogadishu, the name of the city in Somalia, due to an error by Marco Polo in reading Arabic, whereby he thought the name was that of the island. There is no indigenous name for the whole island. Related: Madagascan.
madam: c. 1300, from Old French ma dame, literally "my lady," from Latin mea domina (compare madonna). Meaning "female owner or manager of a brothel" is first attested 1871.
madame: 1590s, see madam, which is an earlier borrowing of the same French phrase. Originally a title of respect for a woman of rank, now given to any married woman. OED recommends madam as an English title, madame in reference to foreign women.
madarosis (n.): "loss of the eyelashes," 1690s, medical Latin, from Greek madarosis "baldness." Related: Madarotic.
madcap: 1580s, noun and adjective, from mad (adj.) + cap, used here figuratively for âhead.â Related: Madcappery.
madden (v.): "to drive to distraction," 1822; earlier "to be mad" (1735), from mad (adj.) + -en (1). Related: Maddened; maddening. The earlier verb was simply mad (early 14c., intransitive; late 14c., transitive), from the adjective.