英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

unwound (adj.)[unwound 词源字典]: "no longer wound," 1707, from un- (1) "not" + past participle of wind (v.). [unwound etymology, unwound origin, 英语词源]
unwrap (v.): late 14c., from un- (2) "opposite of" + wrap (v.). Related: Unwrapped; unwrapping.
unwritten (adj.): mid-14c., from un- (1) "not" + past participle of write (v.). Similar formation in Old English unwriten, Old Norse uritinn.
unyielding (adj.): 1590s of persons; 1650s, of substances; from un- (1) "not" + yielding (see yield (v.)).
unzip (v.): 1939, from un- (2) "opposite of" + zip (v.). Related: Unzipped; unzipping.
up (adv.): Old English up, uppe, from Proto-Germanic *upp- "up" (cognates: Old Frisian, Old Saxon up "up, upward," Old Norse upp; Danish, Dutch op; Old High German uf, German auf "up"; Gothic iup "up, upward," uf "on, upon, under;" Old High German oba, German ob "over, above, on, upon"), from PIE root *upo "up from below" (cognates: Sanskrit upa "near, under, up to, on," Greek hypo "under, below," Latin sub "under;" see sub-).

As a preposition, "to a higher place" from c. 1500; also "along, through" (1510s), "toward" (1590s). Often used elliptically for go up, come up, rise up, etc. Up the river "in jail" first recorded 1891, originally in reference to Sing Sing, which is up the Hudson from New York City. To drive someone up the wall (1951) is from the notion of the behavior of lunatics or caged animals. Insulting retort up yours (scil. ass) attested by late 19c.
up (v.): 1550s, "to drive and catch (swans)," from up (adv.). Intransitive meaning "get up, rise to one's feet" (as in up and leave) is recorded from 1640s. Sense of "to move upward" is recorded from 1737. Meaning "increase" (as in up the price of oil) is attested from 1915. Compare Old English verb uppian "to rise up, swell." Related: Upped; upping. Upping block is attested from 1796.
up (n.): "that which is up," 1530s, from up (adv.). Phrase on the up-(and-up) "honest, straightforward" first attested 1863, American English.
up (adj.): c. 1300, "dwelling inland or upland," from up (adv.). Meaning "going up" is from 1784. From 1815 as "excited, exhilarated, happy," hence "enthusiastic, optimistic." Up-and-coming "promising" is from 1848. Musical up-tempo (adj.) is recorded from 1948.
up-: prefix with various senses, from Old English up (adv.), corresponding to similar prefixes in other Germanic languages.
up-and-down (adj.): 1610s, from adverbial phrase up and down (c. 1200); see up (adv.) + down (adv.).
up-country (n.): "interior regions," 1680s, from up- + country (n.). As an adjective from 1810; as an adverb from 1864.
up-current (adj.): 1909, from up- + current (n.).
up-market (adj.): 1972, from up- + market (n.).
up-river (prep.): 1773, from up + river. As an adverb from 1848.
up-to-date (adv.): 1840, "right to the present time," from phrase up to date, probably originally from bookkeeping. As an adjective from 1865. Meaning "having the latest facts" is recorded from 1889; that of "having current styles and tastes" is from 1891.
Upanishad (n.): one of a class of speculative treatises in Sanskrit literature, 1805, from Sanskrit upa-nishad, literally "a sitting down beside." From upa "near to" (see up (adv.)) + ni-shad "to sit or lie down," from ni "downward" (from PIE *ni-, see nether) + -sad "sitting," From PIE *sed- (1) "to sit" (see sedentary).
upas (n.): legendary poisonous tree of Java, 1783, via Dutch, from Malay upas "poison," in pohun upas "poison tree." As the name of an actual tree (Antiaris toxicaria) yielding poisonous sap, from 1814.
upbeat (adj.): "with a positive mood," 1947, apparently from on the upbeat "improving, getting better," attested from 1934 and a favorite of "Billboard" headline-writers in the early 1940s, from the musical noun upbeat (1869), referring to the beat of a bar at which the conductor's baton is in a raised position; from up (adv.) + beat (n.). The "optimistic" sense apparently for no other reason than that it sounds like a happy word (the musical upbeat is no more inherently "positive" than any other beat).
upbraid (v.): Old English upbregdan "bring forth as a ground for censure," from up (adv.) + bregdan "move quickly, intertwine" (see braid (v.)). Similar formation in Middle Swedish upbrygdha. Meaning "scold" is first attested late 13c. Related: Upbraided; upbraiding.