英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

hydroplane (n.)[hydroplane 词源字典]: "motorboat that glides on the surface of water," 1895, coined by U.S. engineer Harvey D. Williams ["Sibley Journal of Engineering," Cornell University, vol. X, p.81]; from hydro- + plane (from airplane).[hydroplane etymology, hydroplane origin, 英语词源]
hydroplane (v.): by 1908, "to skim the surface of water by use of hydroplanes," from hydroplane (n.). Meaning "skid on a thin layer of water" (especially of automobile tires) first recorded 1962, properly aquaplane (itself from 1961 in this sense). Related: Hydroplaned; hydroplaning.
hydroponics (n.): 1937, formed in English from hydro- + -ponics, from Greek ponein "to labor, toil," from ponos "labor" (see span (v.)). Related: Hydroponic (adj.).
hydropower (n.): 1933, from hydro- + power (n.).
hydrosphere (n.): 1887, from hydro- + sphere.
hydrostatic (adj.): 1670s, from Greek hydro- "water" (see water (n.1)) + statikos "making to stand" (see static).
hydrotherapy (n.): 1876, from hydro- "water" + therapy.
hydrothermal (adj.): 1852, from hydro- + thermal (adj.); 1855 in geology.
hydroxide (n.): 1851, from hydro- + oxide.
hyena (n.): mid-14c., from Old French hiene, from Latin hyaena, from Greek hyaina "swine" (fem.), from hys "pig" + fem. suffix -aina. So called for its bristles. Applied to cruel, treacherous, and greedy persons since at least 1670s. Adjectival forms that have been attempted in English include hyenaish, hyenaesque, hyenic, hyenine.
hygiene (n.): 1670s, from French hygiène, ultimately from Greek hygieine techne "the healthful art," from hygies "healthy," literally "living well" (personified as the goddess Hygieia), from PIE *eyu-gwie-es- "having a vigorous life." The Greek adjective was used by Aristotle as a noun meaning "health."
hygienic (adj.): 1833, from French hygiénique, from hygiène; see hygiene. The earlier adjective was hygienal (1660s).
hygienist (n.): 1844, "an expert on cleanliness," from hygiene + -ist. Earlier was hygeist (1716). Dental sense is recorded by 1913.
hygro-: word-forming element meaning "wet, moist, moisture," from Greek hygro-, comb. form of hygros "wet, moist, fluid," from PIE root *wegw- "wet."
hygrology (n.): 1790; see hygro- + -ology.
hygrometer (n.): 1660s, from French hygromètre, from Greek hygro- (see hygro-) + -meter. Related: Hygrometry; hygrometric.
hygroscopic (adj.): 1775, from hygroscope (1660s), from hygro- + -scope.
Hyksos: c. 1600, 15th dynasty of Egyptian kings (1650-1558 B.C.E.), called "Shepherd Kings," from Greek Hyksos, from Egyptian, either hiq shasu "ruler of nomads," or heqa khoswe "chief of foreign lands."
hylo-: word-forming element meaning "wood, forest; matter," from Greek hylo-, from hylos "wood; matter," of unknown origin.
Hyman: masc. proper name; see Hymie.