英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

moxie (n.)[moxie 词源字典]: "courage," 1930, from Moxie, brand name of a bitter, non-alcoholic drink, 1885, perhaps as far back as 1876 as the name of a patent medicine advertised to "build up your nerve;" despite legendary origin stories put out by the company that made it, it is perhaps ultimately from a New England Indian word (it figures in river and lake names in Maine, where it is apparently from Abenaki and means "dark water"). Much-imitated in its day; in 1917 the Moxie Company won an infringement suit against a competitor's beverage marketed as "Proxie."[moxie etymology, moxie origin, 英语词源]
Mozarab (n.): "assimilated Christian in Moorish Spain," one who was allowed to continue practicing his religion in exchange for political allegiance, from Spanish Mozarabe "would-be Arab," from Arabic mostarib, from a desiderative verbal form of Arab.
mozzarella (n.): 1911, Italian cheese originally made in Naples area, from Italian mozzarella, diminutive of mozza, a kind of cheese, from mozzare "to cut off," from mozzo "blunt," from Vulgar Latin *mutius "cut off, blunted."
mpg: originally m.p.g., abbreviation of miles per gallon, attested from 1912.
mph: also m.p.h., abbreviation of miles per hour, attested from 1887.
Mr.: mid-15c., abbreviation of master (n.); also see mister. Used from 1814 with a following noun or adjective, to denote "the exemplar or embodiment of that quality" (as in Mr. Right "the only man a woman wishes to marry," 1826; Mr. Fix-It, 1912; Mr. Big, 1940). The plural Messrs. (1779) is an abbreviation of French messieurs, plural of monsieur, used in English to supply the plural of Mr., which is lacking.
Mrs.: 1580s, abbreviation of mistress (q.v.), originally in all uses of that word. The plural Mmes. is an abbreviation of French mesdames, plural of madame, used in English to serve as the plural of Mrs., which is lacking. Pronunciation "missis" was considered vulgar at least into 18c. (cf missus). The Mrs. "one's wife" is from 1920.
Ms.: (plural Mses.), 1949, considered a blend of Miss and Mrs.
MS.: abbreviation of Latin manu scriptum (see manuscript); the plural is MSS, after the custom in Modern Latin.
Mstislav: Slavic masc. proper name, literally "vengeful fame," from Russian mstit' "to take revenge," from Proto-Slavic *misti "revenge," *mistiti "to take revenge," from PIE *mit-ti-, extended form of root *mei- (1) "to change, go, move" (see mutable); for second element, see Slav.
much (adj.): c. 1200, worn down by loss of unaccented last syllable from Middle English muchel "large, much," from Old English micel "great in amount or extent," from Proto-Germanic *mekilaz, from PIE *meg- "great" (see mickle). As a noun and an adverb, from c. 1200. For vowel evolution, see bury.
muchly (adv.): mid-12c., from much + -ly. Middle English used simply much as an adverb.
muchness (n.): late 14c., from much + -ness. Earlier was Middle English muchelnesse (c. 1200).
mucilage (n.): late 14c., mussillage, "viscous substance found in vegetable material," from Old French mucilage (14c.), from Late Latin mucilago "musty or moldy juice" (4c.), from Latin mucere "be musty or moldy," from mucus "mucus" (see mucus). Meaning "adhesive" is first attested 1859.
mucilaginous (adj.): early 15c., "viscous, sticky," from Medieval Latin muscilaginosus, from Late Latin mucilaginosus, from mucillago (see mucilage). Related: Mucilaginously.
muck (n.): mid-13c., "cow dung and vegetable matter spread as manure," from a Scandinavian source such as Old Norse myki, mykr "cow dung," Danish møg; from Proto-Germanic *muk-, *meuk- "soft." Meaning "unclean matter generally" is from c. 1300. Muck-sweat first attested 1690s.
muck (v.): late 14c., "to dig in the ground," also "to remove manure," early 15c., "to spread manure, cover with muck," from muck (n.). Meaning "to make dirty" is from 1832; in the figurative sense, "to make a mess of," it is from 1886; to muck about "mess around" is from 1856. Related: Mucked; mucking.
muck-a-muck (n.): "(self-)important person," 1912, from Chinook jargon, literally "to eat; food." Also mucky-muck; muckety-muck.
muckluck (n.): also mukluk, 1868, "sealskin, sealskin boots" from Eskimo maklak "large seal, sealskin." Meaning "canvas boots that resemble Eskimo ones" is from 1962.
muckraker (n.): c. 1600, "one who rakes muck," from muck (n.) + agent noun from rake (v.). Meaning "one who inquires into and publishes scandal and allegations of corruption among political and business leaders," popularized 1906 in speech by President Theodore Roosevelt, in reference to "man ... with a Muckrake in his hand" in Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress" (1684) who seeks worldly gain by raking filth.
The men with the muck-rakes are often indispensable to the well-being of society, but only if they know when to stop raking the muck. [T. Roosevelt, quoted in "Cincinnati Enquirer," April 15, 1906.]
Muckrake in sense "person who hunts scandal" is attested from 1872. To muckrake (v.) in the literal sense is from 1879; figuratively from 1910. Related: Muckraking.