英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

particulate (adj.)[particulate 词源字典]: 1871, from Modern Latin particulatus, from particula (see particle). As a noun from 1960. Related: Particulates.[particulate etymology, particulate origin, 英语词源]
parting (n.): "action of going away," c. 1300, verbal noun from part (v.). As "separation of persons," early 14c.
partisan (n.): also partizan, 1550s, "one who takes part with another, zealous supporter," from Middle French partisan (15c.), from dialectal upper Italian partezan (Tuscan partigiano) "member of a faction, partner," from parte "part, party," from Latin partem (nominative pars), see part (n.). Sense of "guerilla fighter" is first recorded 1690s.
partisan (adj.): 1708 for warfare, 1842 for politics, from partisan (n.).
partisanship (n.): 1831, from partisan + -ship.
partition (n.): early 15c., "division into shares, distinction," from Old French particion (12c.), from Latin partitionem (nominative partitio) "a sharing, division, partition, distribution; method of dividing," from past participle stem of partire "to part" (see part (v.)). Sense of "that which separates" first recorded late 15c.
partition (v.): 1741, from partition (n.). Related: Partitioned; partitioning.
partitive (adj.): late 14c., "having the quality of dividing into parts," from Late Latin partitivus, from Latin partitus, past participle of partire "to divide" (see part (v.)).
partly (adv.): 1520s, from part (n.) + -ly (2).
partner (n.): c. 1300, altered from parcener (late 13c.), from Old French parçonier "partner, associate; joint owner, joint heir," from parçon "partition, division. portion, share, lot," from Latin partitionem (nominative partitio) "a sharing, partition, division, distribution" (see partition (n.)). Form in English influenced by part (n.). The word also may represent Old French part tenour "part holder."
partner (v.): 1610s, transitive, "to make a partner," from partner (n.). Intransitive sense from 1961. Related: Partnered; partnering.
partnership (n.): 1570s, from partner (n.) + -ship. In the commercial sense from c. 1700.
partridge (n.): late 12c., from Old French pertis, alteration of perdis (perhaps influenced by fem. suffix -tris), from Latin perdicem (nominative perdix) "plover, lapwing," from Greek perdix, the Greek partridge, probably related to perdesthai "to break wind," in reference to the whirring noise of the bird's wings, from PIE imitative base *perd- "to break wind" (cognates: Sanskrit pardate "breaks wind," Lithuanian perdzu, Russian perdet, Old High German ferzan, Old Norse freta, Middle English farten).
parts (n.): "personal qualities, gifts of ability," 1560s, from part (n.).
parturient (adj.): "about to give birth," 1590s, from Latin parturientem (nominative parturiens), present participle of parturire "be in labor," literally "desire to bring forth," desiderative of parere "to bear" (see pare). Related: Parturiency.
parturition (n.): 1640s, from Latin parturitionem (nominative parturitio), noun of action from past participle stem of parturire (see parturient).
party (n.): late 13c., "part, portion, side," from Old French partie "side, part; portion, share; separation, division" (12c.), literally "that which is divided," noun use of fem. past participle of partir "to divide" (see part (v.)). Political sense of "side in a contest or dispute" evolved by 1300; meaning "a person" is from mid-15c. Sense of "gathering for social pleasure" is first found 1716, from general sense of persons gathered together (originally for some specific purpose, such as dinner party, hunting party). Phrase the party is over is from 1937; party line is first recorded 1834 in the sense of "policy adopted by a political party," 1893 in the sense of "telephone line shared by two or more subscribers." Party pooper is from 1951, American English.
party (v.): "have a good time," 1922, from party (n.). Earlier as "to take the side of" (1630s). Related: Partied; partying.
parvenu (n.): "upstart," 1802, from French parvenu, "said of an obscure person who has made a great fortune" (Littré); noun use of past participle of parvenir "to arrive" (12c.), from Latin pervenire "to come up, arrive, attain," from per- "through" (see per (prep.)) + venire "to come" (see venue). As an adjective from 1828.
parvi-: word-forming element used in science and meaning "small, little," from comb. form of Latin parvus "small," from metathesized form of PIE *pau-ro-, from base *pau- "few, little" (see few).