英语词源字典 - 在线词源网站

thunderbird (n.)[thunderbird 词源字典]: legendary cause of thunder in many Native American cultures, 1848, a translation of native words, such as Ojibwa (Algonquian) aninikii, Lakotah (Siouan) wakiya, Klamath /lmelmnis/. See thunder (n.) + bird (n.1). In Lakhota, "the thunderbirds call" is "the usual expression for thunder" [Bright].[thunderbird etymology, thunderbird origin, 英语词源]
thunderbolt (n.): mid-15c., from thunder (n.) + bolt (n.) "arrow, projectile."
thunderclap (n.): also thunder-clap, late 14c., from thunder (n.) + clap (n.1).
thunderhead (n.): "high-piled cumulus cloud," one likely to develop into a thunderstorm, 1861, from thunder (n.) + head (n.).
thunderous (adj.): 1580s, from thunder (n.) + -ous. Related: Thunderously.
thunderstorm (n.): also thunder-storm, 1560s, from thunder (n.) + storm (n.).
thunderstruck (adj.): 1610s, from thunder (n.) + struck. Originally figurative; the literal sense (1630s) always has been rare. Thunder-strike (v.), is a back-formation.
thunk (n.): sound of impact, attested from 1952, echoic.
thunk (v.): dialectal or jocular past tense or past participle of think, by 1876. Not historical, but by analogy of drink/drunk, sink/sunk, etc.
Thuringia: region in Germany, German Thüringen, named for the ancient Thoringi people.
Thursday (n.): fifth day of the week, Old English þurresdæg, a contraction (perhaps influenced by Old Norse þorsdagr) of þunresdæg, literally "Thor's day," from Þunre, genitive of Þunor "Thor" (see thunder (n.)); from Proto-Germanic *thonaras daga (cognates: Old Frisian thunresdei, Middle Dutch donresdach, Dutch donderdag, Old High German Donares tag, German Donnerstag, Danish and Swedish Torsdag "Thursday"), a loan-translation of Latin Jovis dies "day of Jupiter."

Roman Jupiter was identified with the Germanic Thor. The Latin word is the source of Italian giovedi, Old French juesdi, French jeudi, Spanish jueves, and is itself a loan-translation of Greek dios hemera "the day of Zeus."
thus (adv.): Old English þus "in this way, as follows," related to þæt "that" and this; from Proto-Germanic *thus- (cognates: Old Saxon and Old Frisian thus, Middle Dutch and Dutch dus), from PIE *to-.
thusly (adv.): 1865 (in an Artemus Ward dialect humor piece), from thus + -ly (2). A double adverb. Perhaps originally a humorous or mocking over-correction of thus; it has gained some currency but earns frowns for the user.
thwack (v.): "to hit hard with a stick," 1520s, of echoic origin. Related: Thwacked; thwacking. The noun is recorded from 1580s.
thwaite (n.): "cleared land," 1620s, from Old Norse or Old Danish þveit "a clearing, meadow, paddock," literally "a cutting, cut-piece" (related to Old English þwitan "to cut, cut off;" see whittle). Always a rare word and now obsolete, but frequently encountered in place names, but "It is unclear whether the base meaning was 'something cut off, detached piece of land,' or 'something cut down, felled tree' ..." [Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names].
thwart (adv.): c. 1200, from a Scandinavian source, probably Old Norse þvert "across," originally neuter of thverr (adj.) "transverse, across," cognate with Old English þweorh "transverse, perverse, angry, cross," from Proto-Germanic *thwerh- "twisted, oblique" (cognates: Middle Dutch dwers, Dutch dwars "cross-grained, contrary," Old High German twerh, German quer, Gothic þwairhs "angry"), altered (by influence of *thwer- "to turn") from *therkh-, from PIE *terkw- "to twist" (cognates: Latin torquere "to twist," Sanskrit tarkuh "spindle," Old Church Slavonic traku "band, girdle," Old High German drahsil "turner," German drechseln "to turn on a lathe"), possibly a variant of *twerk- "to cut." From mid-13c. as an adjective.
thwart (v.): "oppose, hinder," mid-13c., from thwart (adv.). Related: Thwarted; thwarting.
thy (pron.): possessive pronoun of 2nd person singular, late 12c., reduced form of þin (see thine), until 15c. used only before consonants except -h-. Compare my/mine, a/an.
thyme (n.): plant of the mint family, late 14c., from Old French thym, tym (13c.) and directly from Latin thymum, from Greek thymon, from PIE *dheu- (1), base of words meaning "to rise in a cloud" (see fume (n.)); thus thyme might be the plant "having a strong odor," or it might be related to thyein "burn as a sacrifice," which would indicate the plant was used as incense. Related: Thymic.
thymine (n.): nitrogenous base, 1894, from German (Kossel and Neumann, 1893), from thymic acid, from which it was isolated, the acid so called because obtained from the thymus gland. With chemical suffix -ine (2).